316 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



1859. Geevais, Paul, et Bexede^', P. J. van, 



Zoologie Medicale. ExjDose metiiodique du regne animal base sur raiiatomie, 

 rembryogenie et la paleontologie comprenant la Description des especes employees 

 en medecine de celles qui sont venimeuses et de celles qui sont parasites de rhomme 

 et des animaux. Tome premier. Paris, 1859. 



The Crustac^s are the Classe Qiiatrifeme of the " Deuxieme Embranchement. Animaux articnl^s." 

 Of the " Sous-classe des Crustaces Edriopbthahnes," the authors say, page 486, " les Edri- 

 ophthalmes sont generalement partages en trois ordres, nomm^s Isopodes, AmjiMpodes et 

 Leniodipodes, auxquels on en ajoute maintenant un quatri^me pour les Pycnogonides, qui 

 semblent etre, h. plusieurs egards, un arret de developpemeut des Lemodipodes cyamides." 

 This view of the Pycnogonides is no longer generally held. On page 488, they define the 

 Ordre des Amphipodes, dividing it into two families, " les Gammarides et les Hyperides." 

 To the former belongs the genus Crevette (Gammarus), of which they have at least three 

 species in France, " deux d'entre elles vivent dans les cours d'eau et dans les etangs (Gam- 

 marus jmJex et Roeselii) ; ce sont ces Crevettes que Ton trouve souvent dans le cresson. La 

 troisieme n'a encore ^te observee que dans I'eau de puits. EUe est plus petite que les 

 precedentes et ^tiolee. Nous I'avons appellee Gammarus ladeus." This can scarcely be 

 called a scientific description of a new species; but see Notes on Gervais, pp. 156, 160. 



In the family of the Hyperides, les Phronimes (g. Plironima) are mentioned with the species 

 sedentaria. The Lemodipodes are divided into, "1° les CapreUides," with the genus 

 Caprella, and " 2° les Cyamides," after briefly defining which they say, 



" L'ancien genre Cyame (Cyanius), qui constitue k lui seul cette famille, comprend plusieurs 

 espfeces que Ton trouve sur le corps des grands C^taces. On les nomme Poux de Baleines. 



"Le Cyame du Dauphin {Cyam.us delphhii, Gut^rin) doit former un autre genre que nous nom- 

 mons Isocyamus." Notliing is said of the characters of this new genus. The Pycnogonides, 

 among other habitats, live " sur le corps des poissons." 



1859. HoGAN, Arthur R. 



On the habits and localities of Niphargus fontanus (n. s.), N. Kochianus {n. s.), 

 and Craugonyx subterraneus (n. g. & s.), Spence Bate. The Natural History 

 Eeview, and Quarterly Journal of Science. Vol. VI. 1859. London, 1859. 

 pp. 166-169. 



This paper discusses the habits, food-supply and habitat of the species described in the 

 immediately preceding paper by Spence Bate. As to their food, Mr. Hogan says, " some 

 water drawn from the pump at Ringwood, has been proved, by microscopical examination, 

 to contain numerous animalcules ; and this will probably turn out to be the case with 

 all other waters in which Niphargi are found." Some six or seven specimens of JViphargus 

 aquilex, from a well near Tunbridge Wells in Kent, lived in my room from January 28, 

 1886, till March 3, 1886. As they all died at about the same time, it may have been the 

 coldness of the night which killed them. Though they were very active in walking about 

 the bottom of their jar, whenever I happened to look at them during their life-time, I never 

 saw them attempt to swim. Another set of about a dozen were placed in a jar, b\ inches 

 high by 2f inches broad, on June 1 5th, 1 886. Two of these were females with eggs. These 

 two died within a couple of days, surrounded by some rapidly developed parasitic growth. 



