382 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S, CHALLENGER. 



commonly STvimming freely. In regard to the species which had been established, he says, 

 " I consider the genus Lestrigonus of Milne-Edwards and subsequent writers to be nothing 

 more nor less than the male of Hyjieria. I am led to this conclusion from the remarkable 

 similitude which exists among them, and from the fact that in all the species {jive in numher) 

 which I have met with, the sexes have always been associated, except in the case of 

 Lestrigonus Kinahani." Lestrigomis exulans he positively identifies as the male of Hyperia 

 galba. He has found the males, not yet described, of Hyperia ohlivia and Hyperia 

 medusarum, and of a new species, which he provisionally names Hyperia minuta. 



Although Lestrigonus Mnahani " may be, and is occasionally, found in company with H. galba, 

 the one is easily distinguishable from the other. They are nothing alike, either in form or 

 colour ; not to speak of the long and slender antenna of the one in comparison with those 

 of the other. H. Kinahani is longish, more shrimp-like, especially behind, and not so 

 round and dumpy as H. galba, and the colour is always much darker. The eyes too are 

 dark instead of being of a light green." [Compare Note on Montagu, 1813]. He further 

 says of Lestrigonus kinahani, "there appears to be little or no difference between the 

 young and the old. They are both slender, and of a dark lead colour, and both have the 

 remarkable long and hair-like antennfe." 



In his second note Edward says that of Hyperia ohiicia he has seen " thousands, nay, millions, 

 or countless hordes." He has never found them parasitic on fish, but in examining the 

 stomachs of herrings on two successive days, he found them all full of this Amphipod. 

 " From one," he says, " I took 59, from another 47, and from a third 33 ; and all the others 

 were more or less weU crammed." As contrasted with " the vast legions which occasionally 

 appear " of Hyiyeria obKvia, he says, " I have only taken H. medusarum on three or four 

 occasions, and but a few each time. This species is decidedly the gem of the whole. It is 

 partially pellucid, being beautifully banded, alternately, with rings of a crystal hue and 

 others of a deep red. As regards H. minuta, I have only taken it twice, and even in fewer 

 numbers than the last." Of the species just mentioned, he adds, " in their general manners 

 all three resemble each other, their restlessness and activity being one of their most 

 remarkable traits, and beyond the power of description. But if I were to particularise any 

 of them as being more lively and more restless than the rest, I certainly should give 

 H. minuta the character, as being the most active species which, so far as I remember, I 

 have as yet seen. All three seem to me far more active in their whole movements than 

 either of their congeners, L. Kinahani or H. galba, and they do much better in confine- 

 ment." 



" Lestrigonus Kinahani and Hyperia galba generally appear here [at Banfl"] about the beginning 

 of July, and disappear again towards the end of September; H. oblivia usually about 

 August, and continues till spring ; H. medusarum in December, and remains till March (on 

 one occasion I took two of this species as late as the mouth of May) ; and the time I found 

 H. minuta was from October to December. During these periods, too, I have never failed 

 to find the females of all, save the first, to contain, in some cases eggs, in others well- 

 developed young. With reference to H. oblivia, I not unfrequently find females of this 

 species with young from September to January, thus extending over a period of five 

 months." 

 Recognising Lestrigonus as applying onlj' to male forms of Hypieria, Edward retains the name 

 only provisionally for " Lestrigonus Kinahani," to which he had not definitely been able to 

 assign a female. He does not give authorities for the specific names he adopts, but there 

 is good reason to believe that he uses the nomenclature of " The British Sessile-eyed 

 Crustacea." 



