448 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S^. CHALLENGED. 



to Calliope ossiani or Calliope fingalli, Bate and Westwoud ; " Gammarojms eiijtliroph- 

 fhalinii'-', LiU^(ihoTg = -Euryytlieuif eri/throplithalmui', B. &, W.;" "■ Proholium { = Moiitagua, 

 Bate): fragment"; and " yEgina 2jliasma (Montagu) = Protella ^Aasma, Bate." 



1875. Packard, A. S. 



Life-histories of tlie Crustacea and Insects. The American Naturalist. Volume 

 IX. Salem, Mass., 1875. pp. 583-622. 



At page 599, speaking of the embryo in Oniscus and Asellus, he says, "The abdomen is curved 

 up and backwards, while iii the Amphipods it is bent beneath the body, as in Fig. 254, and 

 this is really, as Fritz Miiller observes, the only important dill'erence between the embryos, 

 at an early stage, of the two groups. The embryo Isopod at the time of hatching closely 

 resembles the adult, there being no metamorphosis. 



" The development of the Amphipods or beach fleas, is nearly identical with that of the Isopods. 

 The eggs of certain species undergo total segmentation, while those of other species of 

 the same genus (Gammarus) partially segment, as in the spiders, and in a less degree the 

 insects, showing the slight importance to be attached to this matter, and that Haeckel's 

 term Morula when used for the total segmentation of Crustacea is of little significance, how 

 [ever] much it may be in the lower animals." 



" Summary of changes : — 



"L Segmentation of the yolk partial, or total (Morula). 



" 2. Nauplius state in the egg. 



" 3. Larva hatching in the form of the adult with the full number of feet ; no metamorijhosis." 



He refers to the woks of E. van Beneden, Dohrn, Eathke, and Bol.iretzk}', all concerned with 

 the embryology of Isopod.s. 



1875. Powell, Ll. 



Description of a new Crustacean, Phronima novw-zealandLv. Transactions 



and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 1874. Vol. VII. pp. 294, 295, 



pi. xxi. figs. 1-2, 1875. 



This species will be considered later on in this Report. It bears a strong general resemblance to 

 Phronima seilentaria, Forskal, the distinction between the two being based on characters 

 which are not very striking at first sight. 



1875. KouGEMONT, Philipp de, born 1850, died 1881. 



Qusestio inauguralis: Die Fauna der dunkeln Orte. Miinchen, 1875. 13 pp. 



The author bases an argument on the relationship between Gammarus pulex and Gammarus 

 pmteanus. He makes the pungent observation that the errors which zoologists have made 

 in the establishment of species during the last fifty years it will take a hundred years to 

 correct. 



1875. Rougemont, Ph. DF. 



Natur-Geschiclite von Gammarus imteanus Koch. Inaugural-Dissertation. 

 Miinchen. 1875. 40 pp. 



The general structure of the Gammaridfe is described and the sensory appendages discussed. 

 The cylindrical appendages to the flagellum of the upper antennae are recognised, in 



