KEPORT ON THE AMPHIPODA. 4<)1 



of H.M.S. Challenger ; and on Crustacea observed during the cruise of H.M.S. 

 Challenger in the Southern Seas. (Eead March 16, 187G.) Proceedings of the 

 Royal Society of London. Vol. XXIY. London, mdccclxxvi. pp. 569-592. 



On page 570 he refers to the capture of " a large female of Cystisoma Neptunus," on the way 

 from Gibraltar to Madeira. In the " List of the land animals collected in the Tristan 

 d'Acunha group," for Crustacea, he gives, p. 585 — 



" 1. Oniscus, everywhere under stones ; 2. Gammaruft, everywhere under stones." 



After describing, page 587, a gigantic Ostracod brought up by the deep-sea dredging Tietween 

 Prince Edward Island and the Crozets, he says, " this is not the only example, however, 

 of gigantic forms in the deep sea, for the same trawlings brought up two specimens (from 

 1375 and 1600 fathoms) of a Gammarid Amphipod, the larger of which has a length of 60 

 millims. and a height of 35 miUinis. Though we now know that certain Hyperids (Cysti- 

 aoma Neptunus, both sexes of which we found in the Atlantic, and described in the Phil. 

 Trans. 1873 ; see also Trans. Linn. Soc. 1875, 2nd ed. Zool. i. p. 24) attain the considerable 

 length of more than 4 inches, these transparent and elongated animals do not make such an 

 impression as the Gammarids, which are besides in no way peculiar, being perfectly normal, 

 and approaching perhaps most the genus Typhhnedia. I shall therefore give later a more 

 accurate description of them, and here only direct attention to the fact that in the deep sea, 

 as ivell as in the sedimentary strata, animals are found which, compared with their relations 

 living now-a-days, and in shalloiv icater, are of a very considerable size ; and I may perhaps 

 best in this place add that in this dredging of 1375 fathoms a Nymphoid (Pycnogonid) 

 was got measuring nearly two feet across the leys." The Gammarids referred to I have 

 described under the name Andania gigantea. The genus Typhimedia is probably an error 

 for Iphimedia. 



On i^age 589 he says, " In Ivergnelen Island, where we stayed nearly a month, much shallow- 

 water dredging took place in the ditt'erent harbours, most of which was done by Professor 

 Wyville Thomson himself, while I was on shore collecting the land animals of the place. 

 There is no Gammarus with terrestrial habits nor any Oniscus to be found in these barren 

 islands, animals which still exist on the Tristan d'Acunha Islands." Nevertheless, for 

 Amphipods found on the rocky beaches of Kerguelen, see Note on S. I. Smith, 1874. 



On page 590, he says, still referring to Kerguelen, "the Crustacea inhabiting the shallower water 

 are several species of Serolis, Sphseroma, Arrtitrus, some Gammarids, several species of 

 Capirella, one of which has a very slender and long manus, and some Pycnogonida. There 

 is scarcely anything interesting to be found in that zone [going from a few fathoms down to 

 forty]. In the second zone [40-120 fathoms] of deeper water (though not deep-sea fauna, 

 which we scarcely ever have found in less than 500 fathoms) we had a richer harvest; 

 Tanais and Praniza, very curious Amphipods, Mysids, and Nehalia are the inhabitants, 

 about which I shall now say a few words." 



The long-handed Caprella is no doubt the species since named Dodecas elongata. 



In this second zone, with a larger species of Serolis, " an Amphipod occurred, a Gammarid, dis- 

 tinguished by a bright ?"e(^/ro7jtoZ^?'oZoK(7afcm of the head and having no eyes. These I 

 first thought might be discovered in some form or other in the red proboscis ; but my 

 expectations were not justified by the results of the dissection. The organ is divided by a 

 line along its top into a right and left portion. The chitinous layer has got no facettes, 

 and the whole organ is filled by a finely granulated red pigment. What its function may 

 be I cannot say, having never met with anything like it." This is no doubt the species 

 named CEdiceropsis rostrata, in the Annals and Slagazine of Natural History for March 

 1883, but transferred to a new genus, (Ediceroides, in this Eeport. 



On page 591 he says, " between Kerguelen and Heard Islands we dredged in 150 fathoms, but 



