476 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



1878. Claus, C. 



Ueber Herz und Gefass-system cler Hyperiden. Zoologisclier Anzeiger. 1. 

 Jahrgang. No. 12. Leipzig, 1878. pp. 269-271. 



He here notices the two lateral pairs of arteries belonging to the heart of Plironima, which he 

 had at one time supposed to be merely strings of connective tissue. The same pairs of 

 vessels, he says, are found also in Phronimella, and in two new Mediterranean Phronimidae 

 from Messina, for which he institutes the new genera Phronimopsis and Paraphronima. In 

 the latter genus there is a third pair of arteries in the fifth perajon-segment. This he finds 

 also in Plirosina, Hijperia, Oxycephalus, Thamyris, Plaiyscelus {Typhis) and Vihilia. He is 

 inclined to consider three pairs (in the third, fourth, and fifth segments) the normal number 

 for the Platyscelidae and Oxycephalidse, especially as three is the prevailing number for 

 the pairs of venous ostia (in the second, third, and fourth segments) in the Phronimidas 

 and Gammaridse. Sometimes the first pair of ostia is wanting, and sometimes the third 

 pair of arteries. " Two pairs," he says, " of lateral slits, which then uniformly belong to 

 the third and fourth perreon-segments, I find in almost all Platyscelida?, e.g., Typhis, 

 Lycoeopsis, n. gen., and in Oxycephalus, Vihilia, and Hyperia''' 



He assigns three pairs of lateral ostia (in the second, third, and fourth perseon-segmcnts) alike to 

 the Gammaridffi and Caprellidae. In the genus Tanais the elongate heart is, he says, quite 

 Amphipod-like in its relations, but has only two lateral openings in the third and fourth 

 very elongate perason-segments. 



The heart as a rule runs from the beginning of the first to about the middle of the sixth peraBon- 

 segment, but in Oxycephalus the cephalic aorta begins at the beginning, and in Typhis and 

 Lycmopsis at the end of the second segment. The two pairs of valves are described which 

 are found at the origin both of the cephalic and abdominal aorta, and some other details 

 are entered into. 



1S78. Dezs6, Bela. 



Ueber den Zusammenhang der Kreislaufs- und respiratorisclien Organe bei den 

 Arthropoden. Zoologisclier Anzeiger. I. Jahrgang. Leipzig, 1878. p. 274. 



Tlie general results only of Dr. Dezs6's investigations are given in the following terms : — 



" Bei Cmstaceen, die ihre Kiemen als Korperanhange an der Bauchseite des Abdomens und 



Postabdomens haben, kommen ebenfalls so viele Paare von Spalten am Dorsalgefiisse vor, 



wie viele Paare von Kiemen existiren. 

 " Bei Crustaceen, die ilire Kiemen unter der Thoraxschale beherbergen, kommen am Hcrzen so viele 



Paare von Spalten vor, wie viele Paare von Kiemen sioh unter der Thoraxschale vorfinden." 

 These results do not seem to tally with those arrived at by Fritz MiiUer, Claus and Delage, with 



regard to the heart in the Amphipoda, among which five pairs of branchiae are commonly 



combined with three pairs of lateral slits in the heart. 



1878. FOREL, F. A. 



Faunistische Studien in den Siisswasserseen der Schweiz. Zeitscbrift fiir 



wissenscbaftlicbe Zoologie. Dreissigster Band. Supplement. Leipzig, 1878. 



pp. 383-391. 



In respect to the general conditions of life in a fresh-water lake he distinguishes three regions, 

 " die littorale, die jKlagische und die tiefe Eegion." The deep fauna is tolerably rich in 



