494 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



1879. Edwaed, Thomas. 



Selections from the Fauna of Banffshire, by Thomas Edward, A.L.S., in Life of 

 a Scotch Naturalist, by Samuel Smiles. Sixth Edition. London, 1879. pp. 391- 



438. 



The list of Amphipoda extends from page 432 to page 435. Some notes are given on the 

 colouring of various species, and on the times of the year at which specimens were taken 

 with eggs. The colouring of the eggs of sundry species is also noticed. To Nsenia tuber- 

 culosa the note is appended, " With eggs in December. The female has the palms of the 

 two first pair's much narrower than the male." After the names Lestrigonus exulans and 

 " Kiiiahani," Hyperia galha and Hypeiia ollioia, the observation is made, " These are the 

 only species of this family which I have ever found on the Medusae. I consider Lestri- 

 gonus Exulans to be the male of Hyperia Galba, and L. Kinahani the male of H. oblivia." 

 After the names "Hyperia tauri/ormis, n. s.," "prehensiUs, n. s.," "cyanea, n. s.," he writes, 

 "All these three new species were first taken at Banff by T. E.; the males and females of 

 aU three being procured. The males differ but little from the females, except that they are 

 somewhat larger." No notice is taken of the name Hyjjcria miiiuta, which he spoke of in 

 1868. Of Dulichia porreda and Dididda falcata he says, "I look upon these as being 

 male and female of the same species." 



The list, like the rest of ISIr. Smiles' entertaining book, is disfigured by numerous misprints. 

 Plioeus is given for PJioxus, Zeflandica for Shetlandica, B&Uomensis for Vedlomensis, 

 PhersuatoT Fherusa, yrandaculis ior gra7idocuNg, Horaior Aora, Megarndera ior Megamoera, 

 Siphondecefes for Siphonmcetes, Protomedia for Prof", the last being perhaps due to a slip 

 of the pen on the author's part. 



1879. Fries, S. 



Mittheilungeu aus dem Gebiete der Dunkelfauua. Gammarus {Niphargus) 

 puteanus, l^och. Zoologischer Anzeiger. II. 1879. pp. 33-38, 56-60, 129-134, 

 309. 



The occurrence of well-shrimps in the slightly brackish weUs of Heligoland and in England is 

 discussed, and the view advocated that they must have existed in these localities before the 

 islands were separated from the mainland. Fries has examined specimens from the above 

 mentioned wells of Heligoland, from the Falkenstein caverns, from the springs running 

 out of the caverns, from the Hilgerhiiuser caverns, and from the depths of the Lake of 

 Geneva. In all he finds no greater differences than would justify the naming of varieties. 

 He therefore adheres to the view of Eougemont in uniting the various so-called species of 

 the well-shrimp, and considers that the name Gammaruf: pnfeanus, as the earliest and best 

 known, should be retained, though appearing unduly to restrict the distribution of the 

 species to wells. Humbert's definition of the genus Niphargus, he considers, maybe applied 

 to the specific definition of Gammartis pufeaniis. The addition, however, to " Oculi nulli " 

 of " vel rudimentarii " must be struck out. In the second maxillae, which according to 

 Humbert have the setoe of the inner lobe only at the apex, specimens from the Falkenstein 

 spring show three bristles somewhat further down the inner rim than is the case in Humbert's 

 drawing, PI. VI. Fig. 8a. A constant character in all specimens of Gammarus p)idea7ius 

 examined by Fries is, that the secondary flagellum of the upper antennae has only two joints, 

 not four or three as in Gammarus pidex (J and 9 respectively. 



At pages 129-134 he discusses the Isopod " Asellus cavaticus, Schiiidte (in litt.) ( = Asellus Sieboldii, 



