510 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGEE. 



the other species of Niphargus, and, indeed, from N. puteamis, as in its shorter antennfe, 

 the. differently formed hand of the last pair of limbs, etc.; so that, perhaps, our species may 

 be regarded as the representative of a new genus between Niphargus and Gamnuirus." 

 This, however, he does not establish, but remarks that " Niphari/us ccwpms is very probably 

 the ' extinct Gammarid ' (see Leydig, Ueber Amphipoden und Isopoden, Zeitschr. f. wiss. 

 Zool. XXX. p. 249) which the other species of Nipliargiis have as their ancestor." 

 Defective eyes, Grimm explains, are compensated for by other sense-organs ; for example, in the 

 male of Nipliargus caspias the five-jointed main flagellum of the upper antennae has on its 

 first four joints very large olfactory cylinders, with an aperture at the free extremity of each, 

 "from which, perhaps, as Leydig states, thin hairs may actually be exserted ; and from 

 within a nervous branchlet penetrates into each cylinder, and forms a cellular inflation (in 

 the cylinder itself) only to disappear immediately afterwards, as I have observed still better 

 in living examples of another species, namely Gammarus priscus, mihi, at Krasnovod^." 

 The species of Onesiimis being mud-burrowers " have no sense-organs on the antenna; and 

 other external parts of the body, as in Nipthargus," but, on close examination, " we find 

 very highly developed, although concealed, sense-organs on the outer lamellie of the 

 maxillipedes, which have already been described or figured by different authors. These are 

 short thick stumps with rounded ends, which stand in corresponding cylindrical depressions 

 of the lamella, from which they usually have only the rounded portion projecting. Some 

 of them, however, appear much longer, inasmuch as they project more and also have 

 the extremities more acute ; these are the two cylinders standing at the apex of the lamella, 

 which present a transition towards the ordinary setse, and thus also prove that we have to 

 do vidth chitinous setae metamorphosed for a particular purpose." These he proposes to call 

 " taste cylinders." 



1880. Geobben, Carl. 



Die Antennendriise der Crustaceen. Separat-Abdruck aus den Arbeiten des 

 zoolog. Instituts zu Wien, Tom. III. Heft 1. 18 pp. m. 1 Taf. 1880. 



The antennary gland, originally discovered by Leydig, Naturgeschichte der Daphniden, 1860, 



is described as consisting of two histologically distinct parts, a terminal pocket, Endsiick- 



chen, and a convoluted tube, Harnkaniilchen, which, for the Amphipoda, opens in the 



well-known generally cone-shaped process of the compound basal joint of the lower 



antenna?. In Gammarus marinus, Grobben says, the terminal pocket lies in the dilated 



basal-joint of the lower antennae, quite close to the integument, connected with it by 



trabeculje. Its shape is reniform ; at the hinder end, comparable to the hilus of the 



kidney, rises the renal tube, which at first runs a short space back, then bends forward, 



at the same time inclining towards the middle, presently turns upward, again turns back 



downward, and now in a great arc winding close to the terminal pocket, after a short 



geniculation runs into the antennary cone, in the apex of which the gland has its outlet. 



The terminal pocket is lined by an epithelium, the cells of which are arched forwards 



into the interior of the pocket. The protoplasm is coarsely granular. The exterior is 



sheathed in a delicate supporting membrane. The protoplasm of the cells lining the renal 



tube shows a finely fibrous structure, as abeady noticed by "Weismann. The nuclei are oval ; 



towards the cavity the cells were covered by a noticeable cuticula. The terminal section of 



the tube is formed by cells which completely agree with the matrix-cells of the skin, and 



which also develop a chitinous cuticula, which passes direct into the cuticula of the skin. 



This terminal section, which in structure does not agree with the renal tube, but shows the 



