548 the voyage of h.m.s. challenger. 



1884. Blanc, Henrl 



Die Amphipoden der Kieler Bucht nebst einer histologischen Darstellung der 

 " Calceoli." Nova Acta der Ksl. Leop. -Carol. Deutsclien Akademie der Natur- 

 forscher. Band XLVII. N''. 2. Mit 5 Tafeln N'' VI-X. {Eingegangen bei der 

 Akademie den 25 Jimi 1883.) Halle. 1884. 



According to Dr. Blauc tlie Amphipods of the Bay of Kiel forcibly illustrate the remark of 

 Professor Miibius that the invertebrates of the Baltic are a degraded branch of the rich 

 fauna of the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans. 



The introduction discusses briefly the external structure, sexual diflferences, places of abode and 

 length of life of Amphipods, and assigns their colouring to chromatophores in some species, 

 and oil-drops in others, spread about in the body. 



A special account of the " Calceoli " reviews the opinions of earlier writers upon them, describes 

 their structure, and gives a preference to the view that they may be organs of hearing, 

 rather than of clasping or smelling. The occurrence of the apparatus in the females as well as 

 the males is urged against the suggestion that they are organs of clasping. In favour of 

 Dr. Blanc's own view the cii-cumstance is mentioned that the apparatus is met with in species 

 which live in small depths, and that the number of the calceoli is greatest in those species 

 which live on the surface, where enemies threaten most. The parts of the organ in question 

 are the stem, the cup-shaped base with a central opening above carrying a circlet of very fine 

 hairs, and, seated with its broader end in the cup, an ovoid bladder-like structure extremely 

 thin-walled and marked with concentric stripes. Professor Blanc could not discover any 

 termination of a nerve in the Calceolus or connection with the antennary-nerve, but a dark 

 stripe within the stem he considers to be a sensory nerve-mass carrying the circlet of hairs. 

 The so-called Eiechzapfen (batonnets hyalins) he finds on the upper antennse of both sexes 

 of the Amphipoda, but Hoek's discovery of them on the lower antenna3 of Gheirocratus 

 brevicornis he is unable to corroborate. 



Excellent figures and descriptions are given of the following species, with remarks of value 

 upon them : — Hypma gdlha, Montagu, found in late summer lodging in Medusa aurita 

 and Cijanea capiiata, commonly free in winter : Orehestia littorea, Montagu, with two 

 forms of the male, on which light has since been thrown by Faxon's observations upon 

 Camharus ; Ponfoporeia femorata, Kriiyer (with Pontoporeia affinis, Lindstrom, in the 

 synonj'my), and Pontoporeia fureigera, Bruzelius, which, however, should probably be 

 named respectively Pontoporeia affinis, Lindstr., and Pontoporeia femm-ata, Ivroyer (see 

 Sars, Oversigt, p. 83, 1882); Bathyporeia piilosa, Lindstrom; Dexamine spinosa, 

 Montagu; Atylus hispinosus, Sp. Bate, which Boeck calls Halirages hispinosus ; Calliojnus 

 Ixviusculus, Kroyer ; Gammarus locust a, Linne, found in almost fresh water as well 

 as in salt water everywhere ; Cheirocratus brevicornis, Hoek, the synonymy of which 

 seems to be Gammarus simdevnJlii, Rathke, Ldljehorgia shetJandica, Sp. Bate, Protomedeia 

 whitei, Sp. Bate, Liljehorgia normanni, Stebbing, so that its proper designation is 

 Cheiroci-atus simdevallii, Rathke ; " Amathilla Satmiii," Leach ; Microdeutopus gryllotalpa, 

 Costa, referred in accordance with Heller to the family Corophidas, subfamily Podocerinae ; 

 Amphithoe jwdoceroides, Rathke ; Podocerus faleatus, Montagu ; Gorophium longicorne, 

 Fabricius ; Proto vcntricosa, MiiUer, and lastly Gaprella linearis, Linne, including therein, 

 in agreement with Hoek and contrary to the view of Mayer, Gaprella liystrix and Gaprella 

 acuminifera of Sp. Bate. 



