ACCIPITRES — FALCONIDiE HALIAETOS. 5 



GENUS HALIAETOS. Savigny. 



Ridge of the beak convex and compressed : lower mandible with the tip obliquely truncate 

 Nostrils oblong, oblique. Upper half of the tarsus with short close-set feathers, - 

 transverse scutelke in front below. Cere slightly hispid. Outer toe capable of changing 

 its direction. Tail rounded. Claws curved with a deep internal groove. 



THE BROWN OR BALD EAGLE. 



Haliaetos leucocephalus. 



PLATE I. FIG. 1 (Female). 



(STATE COLLECTION. Male & Female). 



Falco leucocephalus. Wils. Orn. VoL-4rp. 89, pi. 36 (adult male). 

 Sea Eagle. Id. lb. Vol. 7, pi. 55, fig. 2 (young). 



F. leucocephalus. Ndtt. Man. Vol. 1, p. 72 (male). 



Aquila (Haliaetos) id. Rich. & Sw. F. B. A. Vol. 2, p. 15. Bonap. Comp. and Geographical Lust, p. 3. 

 White-headed or Bald Eagle. Aud. B. of A. 8vo. Vol. 1, p. 80, pi. 14 (male). 

 Bald Eagle, H. leucocephalus. Giraud, Birds of Long Island, p, 9. 



Characteristics. Brown. Head and tail (of males) white. Tail reaching beyond the 

 wings. Bill, feet and irides pale yellow. Female : Beak bluish black. 

 Tail with a few light spots on the upper surface. Young, irregularly 

 varied with dark and pale brown. Length 3 feet. 



Description. Bill curved regularly from the cere to the tip : an obtuse and scarcely pro- 

 minent lobe on the cutting margin of the upper mandible ; and beyond this, the bill suddenly 

 curves downward. Primaries acute ; the fourth longest. Tail rounded. Claw of the hind 

 toe largest. 



Color. Adult male : Head and upper part of the neck, the tail and its coverts, white ; 



remaining parts of the body chocolate-brown. Bill and tarsus yellow ; cere light blue. 



Female : Chin and upper part of the breast white ; a small portion of the upper part of the 



tail powdered with white. Young : Dull brown varied with white. Tail brownish black, 



mottled with white. 



Length, 36-0-40-0. Extent of wings, 84 '0. Weight, 8-12 lbs. 



This noble bird is found in every part of the United States, feeding upon fish, wild fowl 



and small quadrupeds. Along the coast it is frequently seen pursuing the Fish Hawk, and, 



compelling him to drop his prey, seizes it before it touches the water. It builds its nest in 



trees, and lays two or three dull white unspotted eggs. Although birds of prey are seldom 



gregarious, yet I have known them to appear in flocks of 15-20 on the marshes near the 



seacoast on Long island, after a violent northeast storm. The inhabitants, on such occasions, 



