404 abstracts: entomology 



insignificant southerly extension of a fauna which has been recognized 

 as so persistent in a westerly direction seems more surprising when it 

 is recalled that nearly all the other faunas characterizing the major 

 divisions of the New York Devonian section have been traced southward 

 from New York entirely across Pennsylvania into the Virginias. Thus, 

 it is seen that the prevailing conception of the Onondaga fauna, which 

 presumes its absence south of New York, gives to it an anomalous posi- 

 tion as compared with the other important faunas of the Devonian 

 section of New York. The evidence gathered during several seasons of 

 field work in the Allegheny region indicates that this conception is not 

 well founded, and that the southerly extension of the Onondaga fauna 

 is quite comparable in distance with its westerly extension. The field 

 studies have shown that the Onondaga fauna in the Allegheny region 

 extends far south of the area in which nearly pure limestones were 

 deposited during Onondaga time, into a region where shale-forming sedi- 

 ments partly or completely dominated those of calcareous type. This 

 fauna has been found in nearly all the sections studied from New York 

 to Tennessee. 



The direct bearing of these new data on the paleography of Onondaga 

 time is obvious. They indicate the extension of the eastern shore line 

 of the Onondaga sea in a southwesterly direction from southeastern New 

 York to the east of the Allegheny region instead of far to the west of it, 

 as previously drawn in paleogeographic maps, across the States of Ohio, 

 Indiana, and Kentucky. -^In the light of this new evidence it appears 

 that the eastern shore line of the Onondaga sea trended southwestward 

 across north-central New Jersey and southeastern Pennsylvania. It 

 probably traversed the States of Maryland and Virginia near the present 

 axis of the Blue Ridge. From southwestern Virginia this shore line 

 appears to have trended westward not far from the Kentucky-Tennessee 

 line as far as the valley of Tennessee River, where it resumed its south- 

 erly trend. E. M. K. • 



ENTOMOLOGY. — Three interesting butter flies from eastern Massa- 

 chusetts. Austin Hobart Clark. Proceedings of the United 

 States National Museum, 45: 363-364; pis. 32. 

 Junonia coenia Hiibner is recorded from Newton ville and from Coffin's 

 Beach, near Annisquam; Fenisecatarquinius (Fabricius) is recorded from 

 Newton ville; and a specimen of Euphydryas phaeton (Drury) from New- 

 tonville representing the variety superha Streker is described and 

 figured. A. H. C. 



