JOURNAL 



OF THE 



WASHINGTON ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



Vol. Ill SEPTEMBER 19, 1913 No. 15 



OCEANOGRAPHY. — Observations on ocean temperatures in the 

 vicinity of icebergs and in other parts of the ocean. C. W. 

 Waidner, H. C. Dickinson and J. J. Crowe, Bureau of 

 Standards. 



Thru the courtesy of the Navy Department an opportunity 

 was afforded representatives of the Bureau of Standards to make 

 observations on the temperature of sea water in the vicinity of 

 icebergs and in the open sea with a view to obtaining information 

 on the possibihty of detecting the proximity of ice from tempera- 

 ture records. 



The Bureau party embarked on the U.S.S. Chester, leaving 

 Philadelphia on June 2, 1912, under command of Captain Decker. 

 Mr. Crowe was subsequently transferred to the U.S.S. Birming- 

 ham, under command of Captain Hughes, and continued obser- 

 vations from June 19, until the return to the port of Philadel- 

 phia on July 11, 1912. 



Temperature equipment. Some of the more important apparatus 

 assembled for these experiments consisted of the following: (!) A 

 surface electrical resistance thermometer, consisting of a flat coil 

 of silk-covered nickel wire inclosed between copper sheets, and 

 insulated by thin layers of mica. The resistance of the nickel 

 coil was about 100 ohms. (2) Deep sea thermometers of the Neg- 

 retti and Zambra type kindly loaned by the Bureau of Fisheries. 

 (3) Several standard mercurial thermometers. (4) A Leeds and 

 Northrup recorder, suitable for use with the resistance thermom- 

 eters. This was kindly loaned for these experiments by the 

 Leeds and Northrup Company. 



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