480 proceedings: anthropological society 



old population of the coast region belongs to the brachycephalic type 

 intimately related to the Maya Zapotec type in the north. Wherever 

 they lived, these people of the Peruvian coast were wont to practice, 

 more or less, the antero-posterior head deformation. Everywhere along 

 the coast there are evidences of more or less admixture with a more 

 oblong headed element closely related to the Aztec and Algonquin 

 types of North America. As among the North American Pueblos, 

 nowhere was the aboriginal Peruvian population at any time as great 

 as the relatively numerous cemeteries or ruins might lead one at first 

 to suppose, for these burial grounds and ruins date from different, altho 

 not far distant, periods. 



The work done, while to some extent establishing a foundation, is 

 merely a fair beginning. Similar investigations and collections wait 

 urgently on the anthropologist in the important districts of Piura, 

 Eton, and Moquegua, on the coast; in the western sierras from the 

 neighborhood and latitude of Cajamarca to those of Arequipa; and in 

 the eastern highlands from Tiahuanaco to Moyobamba. The most im- 

 portant problems that await solution are (1) the derivation of the Pe- 

 ruvians; (2) the time of their advent into the country; (3) the extension 

 and exact physical characteristics of the Aymara and Quechua ; and (4) 

 the genetic relations of the Peruvian to the Argentinan and Chilean 

 aborigines. Besides this there remains to be established in many places 

 the correlation of culture with the physical type of the people. The 

 speaker repeated what he said in a former report, that, due to the lack 

 of scientific supervision of a great majority of the excavations practiced 

 in Peru to the present time, the archeological collections from that 

 country are made up of little more than curiosities which it is impossible 

 to refer either to any definite people or period. 



Daniel Folkmar, Secretary. 



