510 proceedings: the anthropological society 



The first yearns results in breeding some Bahama shells (Cerion) on 

 the Florida Keys: Paul Bartsch. A former communication by the 

 speaker gave an account of the transfer of two races of Cerion from the 

 Bahamas to various Florida Keys. The present paper was an acQOunt 

 of observations of the condition of the new colonies at the end of the 

 first year. In general they have prospered and in several localities have 

 reproduced young. 



The 515th meeting was held at the Cosmos Club on November 1, 

 1913, with President E. W. Nelson in the chair and about 50 members 

 present. 



Under the heading Brief notes ajid exhibition of specimens, C. Dwight 

 Marsh related an observation in Montana of a noise made by a bull 

 snake (Pituophis sayi) which was in close imitation of that made by a 

 rattlesnake. The sounds were made by the respiratory organs and 

 were observed by a number of persons. 



REGULAR PROGRAM 



A. D. Hopkins spoke of Depredations by forest insects and their con- 

 trol. He gave a brief historical sketch of early insect invasions of for- 

 ests and of the means adopted to combat the pests. The greater part 

 of the paper was devoted to depredations of which the author had 

 personal knowledge. The efficacy of modern methods was pointed out, 

 especially the control work undertaken by the Bureau of Entomology 

 in collaboration with the United States Forest Service. These have 

 been generally adopted by large private holders of timber lands and 

 much saving of valuable timber has resulted. 



Paul Bartsch gave an account of the results of dredging for mollusks 

 at Chincoteague, Virginia. In two days collecting eleven new species 

 were found. The speaker gave an account of some personal experi- 

 ences and observations on the island. He was followed by W. P. Hay, 

 who also spoke of his experiences during a visit to Chincoteague and 

 gave some interesting historical notes of the place. 



D. E. Lantz, Recording Secretary. 



THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 



At a special meeting of the Anthropological Society on November 4' 

 1913, Dr. John R. Swanton read a paper entitled The Indian village- 

 Dr. Swanton stated that, while it is a common notion that country life 

 preceded urban life this view is hardly correct, urban life in its germs 

 going back probably almost as far as man himself. He then took up 

 the various factors tending to produce the village, determine its char- 

 acter, and subsequenty knit it together. These he found to be of 

 three orders, material, social and religious. Among the first he enumer- 

 ated material available for the construction of houses, position with 

 reference to the food supply and fresh water, and occasionally also 

 position with reference to the sun. Among social factors he treated 



