Chap. V 



ON THE EFFECTS OF DISUSE. 



181 



measured each bird from the extreme tip to tip of wing ; and the 

 length of the terminal folded part of the wing, from the extremity 

 of the primaries to the joint of the radius. I measured the feet 

 without the claws, from the end of the middle toe to the end of 

 the hind toe; and the tarsus and middle toe together. I have 

 taken in every case the mean measurement of two wild rock-pigeons 

 from the Shetland Islands, as the standard of comparison. The 

 following table shows the actual length of the feet in each bird ; 



Table. I. 



Pigeons with their beahs generally shorter than that of the Bock-pigeon, 



•proportionally to the size of their bodies. 



Name of Breed. 



Wild rock-pigeon (mean measurement') . . 



Short- faced Tumbler, bald head 



„ „ almond 



Tumbler, red magpie 



„ red common (by standard to end 

 of tail) 



„ common bald-head 



„ roller 



Turbit 



»j 



» 



Jacobin 



Trumpeter, white 



„ mottled 



Fantail (by standard to end of tail) 



?> ?> )5 .... 



„ crested var. „ .... 



Indian Frill-back „ . . 



English Frill -back 



Nun 



Laugher 



Barb 



n 



Spot 



» 



Swallow, red 



„ blue 



Pouter 



„ German 



Bussorah Carrier 



Number of specimens 



Actual 



length 



of 



Feet 



2-02 



1-57 



1-60 

 1*75 



1-85 

 1-85 

 1-80 

 1-75 



1-80 



1 

 1 



2 



84 

 90 

 02 



1 95 



1 

 1 

 1 

 1 

 2 

 1 



85 

 95 

 95 

 80 

 10 

 82 



1-65 



2-00 



2-00 



1 



1 



1-85 



90 

 90 



•I 



2' 



2 



2 



00 

 42 

 30 

 17 



28 



Difference between 

 actual and calculated 



length of feet, in 



proportion to length ol 



feet and size of botlj 



in the Rock-pigeon. 



Too short 



by 



0-11 

 0-16 



0-19 



0-07 

 0-18 

 0-06 

 0-17 

 0-01 

 015 

 0-02 

 0-0b' 

 0-18 

 15 

 0-15 



o-o 



0-19 

 0-03 

 0-02 

 0-16 

 0-03 



02 

 0-07 

 0-18 



Too long 

 by 















03 



03 

 11 

 09 



09 



22 



