%6 DISEASES Glass I. i. 3. 10. 



cus fufpended in it ; but will alfo diminifh the (lone already 

 formed, by foftening, and warning away its furface. To this 

 muft be added cool drefs, and cool bed-clothes, as directed above 

 in the calculus renis. 



When the (lone is pufhed againft or into the neck of the blad- 

 der, great pain is produced ; this may fometimes be relieved by 

 the introduction of a bougie to pufh the ftone back into the fun- 

 dus of the bladder. Sometimes by change of pofture, or by an 

 opiate either taken into the ftomach, or by a clyfter. 



A dram offal foda, or of fait of tartar, diffolved in a pint of wa- 

 ter, and well faturated with carbonic acid (fixed air), by means 

 of Dr. Nooth's glafs apparatus, and drunk every day, or twice a 

 clay, is the mod efficacious internal medicine yet difcovered, 

 which can be eafily taken without any general injury to the con- 

 ftitution. An aerated alkaline water of this kind is fold under 

 the name of factitious Seltzer water, by J. Schweppe, at No. 8, 

 King's-ftreet, Holborn, London; which I am told is better pre- 

 pared than can be eafily done in the ufual glafs-velTels, probably 

 by employing a greater preffure in wooden ones. 



A curious account is given in a letter to Sir John Sinclair from 

 Colonel Martin ; who afferts, that, after ufing bougies and in- 

 jections into the bladder, the pailage of the urethra became lefs 

 fenfible to pain, and he was enabled to introduce fmall files (I 

 fuppofe, with their backs fmooth) ; and that by thefe he gradu- 

 ally filed away the (lone, as it lay in the neck of the bladder. 

 When the ftone did not properly prefent itfelf, he introduced 

 warm water by injection into the bladder, and thus, by again en- 

 deavouring to difcharge it, brought forward the (lone to the neck 

 of it. He ufed the file three times in twenty-four hours from 

 April till October. Medical journal, No. II. p. 121. If this 

 procefs fhould be again attempted, perhaps the file might be intro- 

 duced through a flexible canula, with a metallic hood at the in- 

 ternal end of the canula to cover the back of the file, fo as to 

 prevent the friction of it againft the urethra, or neck of the blad- 

 der. If the urethra, by frequent trials, fhould become fo infen- 

 fible as to admit eafily the frequent introduction of a metallic 

 canula, might not two fine fteel wires properly tempered be join- 

 ed at one end by a hinge, and thus introduced through the can- 

 ula into the bladder ; and when protruded beyond the extremity 

 of the canula, they might open by their elafticity fo as to receive 

 the ftone, and confine it againft the end of the canula, by re- 

 tracting them ? The proper direction of the wire-fprings, fo as 

 to open when they are pufhed through the canula, muft be pre- 

 vibufly given them. If this could be managed, a fmall file or 

 borer might at the fame time be introduced through the canula» 



the 



