?S DISEASES Glass L 2. 2. 18; 



In this cafe there is no expectation of recovering the ftraight- 

 nefs of the end of the bone > but thefe patients are liable to 

 another misfortune, that is, -to acquire afterwards a diftor- 

 tion of the fpine ; for as one leg is ftiorter than the other, they 

 iink on that fide, and in confequence bend the upper part of 

 their bodies, as their moulders, the contrary way, to balance 

 themfelves ; and then again the neck is bent back again towards 

 the lame fide, to preferve the head perpendicular; and thus the 

 figure becomes quite diftorted like the letter S, owing original- 

 ly to the deficiency of the length of one limb. The only way 

 to prevent this curvature of the fpine is for the child to wear a 

 high-healed fhoe or patten on the lame foot, fo as to fupport that 

 fide on the fame Jevel with the other, and thus to prevent a 

 greater deformity. 



I have this day feen a young lady about twelve, who does not 

 limp or waddle in walking ; but neverthelefs, when ilie ftands 

 or fits, fhe finks down towards her right fide, and turns out that 

 toe more than the other. Hence, both as {he fits and ftands, 

 fhe bends iter body to the right ; whence her head would hang 

 a little over her right fhoulder ; but to replace this perpendicu- 

 larly, (he lifts up her left fhoulder and contracts the mufcles on 

 that fide of the neck -, which are therefore become thicker and 

 ftronger by their continued action j but there is not yet any very 

 perceptible diftortion of the fpine. 



As her right toe is turned outward rather more than natural, 

 this {hews the difeafe to be in the hip-joint ; becaufe, when the 

 limb is ftretched out, the toe cannot turn horizontally in the 

 2eaft without moving the end of the thigh-bone ; although when 

 the knee is bent, the toe can be turned through one third or half 

 of a circle by the rotation of the tibia and fibula of the leg round 

 each other. Hence if children are fet in flocks with their heels 

 touching each other as they fit, and are then made to rife up, 

 till they ftand erect, the focket or head of the thigh-bone becomes 

 injured, efpecially in thofe children, whofe bones are foft ; and 

 a fhortnefs of that limb fucceeds either by the bending of the 

 neck of the thigh-bone, or by its getting out of the acetabulum ; 

 and a confequent rifing of one moulder, and a curvature of the 

 fpine are produced from fo diitant a caufe. 



M. M. An elaftic cufhion made of curled hair fhould be pla- 

 ced under the affected hip, whenever fhe fits *, or mould be fit- 

 ted to the part by means of drawers, fo that fhe cannot avoid 

 fitting on it. A neck-fwing, and lying down in the day, fhould 

 be occafionally ufed to prevent or remove any curvature of the 

 fpine. The reft as in Species 1 3 and 1 5 of this genus. 



18. Spina pro tuber am. Protuberant fpine. One of the bones 



of 



