Class IV. i. 2. 5. OF ASSOCIATION. 375 



of the diaphragm arifing from the aflbciations of the reiterated 

 exertions of that mufcle with thofe of the lips and cheeks in 

 laughing. See Diaphragmitis, Clafs II. 1. 2. 6. 



5. Saliva Jluxus cibo vifo. The flow of faliva into the mouths 

 of hungry animals at the fight or fmell of food is {een in dogs 

 Handing round a dinner-table. The increafed actions of the 

 falivary glands have been ufually produced by the ftimulus of 

 agreeable food on their excretory ducts during the maftication 

 of it ; and with this increafed action of their excretory duels the 

 other terminations of thofe glands in the capillary arteries have 

 been excited into increafed action by the mutual aflbciation of 

 the ends of canals ; and at the fame time the pleafurable ideas, 

 or fenfual motions, of the fenfe of fmell and of fight have accom- 

 panied this increafed fecretion of faliva. Hence this chain of 

 motions becomes affociated with thofe vifual or olfactory ideas, 

 or with the pleafure, which produces or attends them. 



6. TcpJio mammularum vifo puerulo. The nipples of laclefcent 

 women are liable to become turgid at the fight of their young 

 offspring. The nipple has generally been rendered turgid by 

 the titillation of the lips or gums of the child in giving fuck ; 

 the vifible idea of the child has thus frequently accompanied 

 this pleafurable fenfation of parting with the milk, and turgef- 

 cence of the tubes, which conftitute the nipple. Hence the 

 vifual idea of the child, and the pleafure which attends it, be- 

 come alTociated with thofe increafed arterial actions, which, 

 fwell the cells of the mammula, and extend its tubes ; which is 

 very fimilar to the tenfio phalli viia muliere nuda etiam in in- 

 fomnio. 



7. Tenfio penis in hydrophobia. An erection of the penis oc- 

 curs in the hydrophobia, and is a troublefome fymptom, as ob- 

 ferved by Ccelius Aurelianus, Fothergill, and Vaughan, and 

 would feem to be produced by an unexplained fympathy between 

 the feniations about the fauces and the penis. In men the hair 

 grows about both thefe parts, the voice changes, and the neck 

 thickens at puberty. In the mumps, when the fwellings about 

 the throat fubfide, the tefticles are liable to fwell. Venereal in- 

 fection received by the penis is very liable to affect the throat 

 with ulcers. Violent coughs, with forenefs or rawnefs about 

 the fauces are often attended with erection of the penis ; which 

 is alfo faid to happen to male animals, that are hanged •, which 

 laft circumftance has generally been afcribed to the obftruct ion 

 of the circulation of the blood, but is more probably occasioned 

 by the ftimulus of the cord in comprefling the throat •, fmce it 

 it was owing to impeded circulation it ought equally to occur in 



drowning animals.. 



fa 



