Chap. XX. BY SEMI-CIVILISED PEOPLE. 191 



Bame manner as at tlie present day tlie natives of Java some- 

 times drive their cattle into the forests to cross with the wild 

 Banteng (^Bos sondaicus).^^ In Korthern Siberia, among the 

 Ost3'aks, the dogs vary in markings in different districts, but 

 in each place they are spotted black and white in a remark- 

 ably uniform manner ; ^'^ and from this fact alone we may 

 infer careful breeding, more especially as the dogs of one 

 locality are famed throughout the country for their superio- 

 rity. I have heard of certain tribes of Esquimaux who take 

 pride in their teams of dogs being uniformly coloured. In 

 Guiana, as Sir R. Schomburgk informs me,^'^ the dogs of the 

 Turuma Indians are highly valued and extensively bartered : 

 the price of a good one is the same as that given for a wife : 

 they are kept in a sort of cage, and the Indians " take great 

 cai'e when the female is in season to prevent her uniting with 

 a dog of an inferior description." The Indians told Sir 

 Eobert that, if a dog proved bad or useless, he was not killed, 

 but was left to die from sheer neglect. Hardly any nation is 

 more barbarous than the Fuegians, but I hear from Mr. 

 Bridges, the Catechist to the Mission, that, " when these 

 " savages have a large, strong, and active bitch, they take 

 " care to put her to a fine dog, and even take care to feed 

 " her well, that her young may be strong and well favoured." 

 In the interior of Africa, negroes, who have not associated 

 with white men, show great anxiety to improve their animals ; 

 they " always choose the larger and stronger males for stock ;" 

 the Malakolo were much pleased at Livingstone's promise to 

 send them a bull, and some Bakalolo carried a live cock all 

 the way from Loanda into the interior.^^ At Falaba Mr. 

 Winwood Eeade noticed an unusually fine horse, and the 

 negro King informed him that " the owner was noted for his 

 " skill in breeding horses." Further south on the same 

 continent, Andersson states that he has known a Damara 

 give two fine oxen for a dog which struck his fancy. The 



*' Quoted from Raffles, in the graph. See.,' vol. xiii. part i. p. 65. 

 * Indian Field,' 1859, p. 196: for ^^ Livingstone's ' First Travels,' pp. 



Varro, see Pallas, ut supra. 191, 439, 565 ; see also ' Expedition to 



" Erman's 'Travels in Siberia,' the Zambesi,' 1865, p. 495, for an 



\iXig. translat., vol. i. p. 4-53. analogous case respecting a good 



^"^ See also ' Journal of R. Geo- breed of goats. 



