32 



PISCES 



CLASS I 



serrated lateral borders. Vertebral centra with four radiating ridges which widen 

 outwards. Tertiary and Eecent. 



Hemipristis, Ag. (Dirrhizodon, Klunzinger), (Fig. 59). Principal teeth 

 large, triangular and compressed, with coarsely serrated edges; anterior 

 lower teeth slender, subulate, inwardly curved, and without denticulations or 

 with one or two minute points at the base. H. serra, Ag. (Fig. 59), common 

 in the Miocene of Europe and in the Tertiary Phosphate Beds of South 

 Carolina and Maryland Miocene. H. curmtus, Dames, from Oligocene, Birket- 

 el-Qurun, Egypt. One existing species. 



Galeocerdo, Miiller and Henle (Fig. 60). Teeth oblique, serrated on both 

 margins, with a deep notch posteriorly. Eocene to Eecent. G. latidens, Ag., 



Fig. 59. 



Hemipristis serra, Ag 

 Neudorfl, Hungary. 



Miocene ; 



A, Tooth of Galeocerdo adunms, Ag. 



Miocene (Molasse) ; Pfullendorf, Baden. 

 B, Section of vertebra of Galeocerdn. 

 Miocene (Molasse); Baltrmgen (after 

 Hasse). 



Fig. 61. 



Gale »s affinis, Probst. 

 Miocene (Molasse) ; Bal- 

 tringen (after Probst.). 



from Bracklesham Beds and Maryland Miocene 

 species, apparently ranging to the Pliocene. 

 triqueter, East., from the American Miocene. 



Alopiopsis, Lioy, and Pseudogaleus, Jaekel. 

 Upper Eocene, Monte Bolca, near Verona. 



Galeus, Ag. (Protogaleus, Molin.), (Fig. 61). 



G. aduncus, Ag. (Fig. 60, A), 

 G. contortus, Gibbes, and G. 



Nearly complete fishes from 



Teeth small and oblique, the 

 margins only serrated at the 

 base, and a deep notch pos- 

 teriorly. Eocene to Recent. 



Carcharias, Cuv. (Fig. 62). 

 Teeth mostly oblique and tri- 

 angular, without lateral denticles, 

 usually different in the two jaws. 

 The lateral edges serrated to 

 the apex (Prionodon, Miiller 



Probst. D, Carcharias (Prionodon) \ similis] Probst. Miocene an( J Henle) or Only at the base 

 (Molasse); Baltringen (after Probst.). , „ . , T j t T \ "L 



(Hypoprion, M. and H.), or sharp- 

 edged but not serrated (Scoliodoii, Physodon, M. and H.), sometimes also erect 

 and sharp-edged (Aprionodon, Gill). Tertiary and Recent. 



Sphyrna, Raf. (Zygaena, Cuv.). Hammerhead sharks. Tertiary and Recent. 

 S. prisca, Ag. 



Mustelus, Cuv. ; Triaenodon, Triads, M. and H. Recent. 



Fig; 62. 



A, Carcharias (Aprionodon) freqiiens, Dames. Eocene; 

 Birket-el-Qurun, Egypt (after Dames). 11, Carcharias (Hypo- 

 prion) singvZaris, Probst. C, Carcharias (ScOliodon) kraussi, 



Family 4. Lamnidae. Miiller and Henle. 



Dorsal fins without spines, the anterior situated opposite to the space between the 

 pectoral and pelvic fins. Teeth, pointed and usually large, with or without lateral 



