26 I 



AYES 



CLASS IV 



the Hesperomithes, Ichthyornithes, and Impennes have been reduced to a lower 

 grade than that assigned them in his system, as has been done by Fiirbringer 

 and others. These divisions, which correspond in a great measure to the sub- 

 orders of Fiirbringer, are larger than those usually considered as orders, and 



often comprise some very 

 diverse forms. An alterna- 

 tive is to treat each group 

 separately, which gives from 

 twenty to forty divisions, 

 variously designated as 

 families, sub-orders, or orders. 



Sub-Class 1. 

 SAURURAE. 1 



Tail feathers arranged in 

 pairs on either side of the elon- 

 gate caudal vertebrae. Sternum 

 rudimentary ; dorsal ribs with- 

 out uncinate processes; cervical 

 ribs free; vertebrae amphicoelous. 

 Pelvic elements separate, as are 

 also the metacarpals ; digits 

 liaired. 



Order 1. 

 ARCHAEORNITHES. 



Skull typically bird - like, 

 provided with a series of conical, 

 socketed teeth along the margin 

 of the upper and lower jaws. 

 Vertebrae amphicoelous, and the 

 lizard-like tail longer than the 

 presacral portion of the column. 

 Remiges and rectrices, with their 

 coverts, well developed. Upper 

 Jura. 



K.Sc.h.gtz. 



Z. 



1 



Fig. 367. 



Archacopterya lithographica, v. Meyer. Lithographic Stone; 

 Eichstadt, Bavaria. -/ 7 . c, Carpal ; cZ, Furcula ; co, Coracoid ; //. 

 Humerus ; /■, Radius ; sc, Scapula; ■?/, Ulna. Original in Berlin 

 Museum (from Steinmann ami Doderlein). 



Archaeopteryx, von Meyer 

 (Gryphosaurus, Wagner), (Fig. 

 .367). This unique and in 

 many respects remarkable genus is known by two nearly complete skeletons 

 from the Lithographic Stone of Bavaria, one of which is preserved in the 



Dames, II'.. Qeber Anhaeopteryx (Palaeont. Abhandl. Dames unci Kayser, vol. II. p. 119), 



84.- Qeber Brustbein, Schulter- und Beckengiirtel der Archaeopteryx (Sitzungsber. preuss. Akad. 



Wissensch. vol. XXXVIII. p. 818), 1897.— Owen, R., On the Archaeopteryx of von Meyer (Phil. 



Trans, vol. CLIII. p. 33), 1863. Pycraft, W. P., The Wing of Archaeopteryx (Nat. Sci. vol. VIII. 



p. 261 i. 1 896. Seeley, II. G., Professor C. Vogt on Archaeoptervx (Geol. Mag. [2], vol. VIII. p. 454), 



— 1. Vogt, C, Sin- 1' Archaeopteryx macrura (Revue Scient. [2], vol. XXIII. p. 241), 1879. 



