CONTENTS. 



I. — Report on Present State of Knowledge of various Insular Floras, being an 

 Introduction to the first Three Parts of the Botany of the Challenger Expedition. 



By William Botting Hemsley, A.L.S. 



(Received March 25, 1885.) 



Preliminary Remarks, p. 1 ; Literature relating to Insular Floras, p. 1 ; Classification of Islands in Relation to 

 the Composition of their Vegetation, p. 5 ; Lists of the Plants, and Analyses of the Composition of the 

 Floras of Various Islands not included in the Reports — I. Vegetation containing a large Endemic Element, 

 including distinct Generic Types : Sandwich Islands, p. 7 ; Ordinal Composition of the Flora of the 

 Sandwich Islands, p. 8; Distribution of the Cyrtandrese, p. 9; Galapagos, p. 10; Seychelles, p. 11; 

 Rodriguez, p. 12; II. Vegetation containing a small, chiefly specific Endemic Element: Marianne 

 Islands, p. 13; Elizabeth Island, p. 15; Easter Island, p. 15; III. Vegetation containing no Endemic 

 Element: Islands of the Indian Ocean, p. 16; Smaller Pacific Islands; Marshall Islands, p. 17; Maldon 

 Island, p. 17; Caroline Island, p. 18 ; Caroline Archipelago, p. 18 in footnote; Pitcairn Island, p. 18; 

 Examination of some of the special features of Insular Floras : Endemic Arboreous and Shrubby Com- 

 positae in Oceanic Islands: The Sandwich Islands, p. 19; The Galapagos Islands, p. 19; The Islands 

 of the South Pacific, p. 20; The genus Fitehia, p. 20, footnote; Canary Islands and Madeira, p. 21; 

 St Helena, p. 21 ; Juan Fernandez and Masafuera, p. 22; Chatham Island, p. 22 ; New Zealand, p. 23; 

 Madagascar, p. 23 ; Mauritius, Seychelles, and Rodriguez, p. 24 ; Continental Arboreous Composite, p. 

 24 ; Large and almost Ubiquitous Natural Orders absent or very rare in Oceanic Islands, p. 25 ; 

 Gymnospermese, p. 26 ; Orchideae in Insular Floras, p. 27 ; The General and Insular Distribution of the 

 Genera Carex and Uncinia, p. 29 ; Woody Plants in Oceanic Islands, p. 31 ; Indigenous and Endemic Genera 

 and Species of Flowering Plants in various Islands and Continental Areas, p. 32 ; Proportion of Monotypic 

 Endemic Genera to the total Endemic Genera in various Islands and Continental Areas, p. 35 ; Orders, 

 Genera, and Species of very restricted Areas, p. 36 ; Orders restricted to one Continental Area, p. 36 ; 

 Distinct Continental Genera of very restricted Areas, p. 37; Distinct Continental Species of very 

 restricted Areas, p. 38 ; Do Insular Types of the Vegetable Kingdom exhibit any very special structural or 

 other Peculiarities in their Flowers 1 p. 39 ; Size and Colour of the Flowers of the Endemic Plants of St 

 Helena, with Remarks on Structure, &c, p. 40 ; Dispersal of Plants by Oceanic Currents and Birds, p. 42 ; 

 Plants certainly or probably Dispersed by Oceanic Currents, p. 42 ; Plants probably Dispersed by Birds, 

 p. 44 ; Example of an Island which has been largely furnished with Plants by Oceanic Currents and 

 Birds, p. 46 ; Classification of the Flowering Plants probably Indigenous in the Bermudas, according to 

 the Means by which they may have been conveyed thither, p. 48 ; The Antarctic Flora : Origin of the 

 Vegetation of the Islands of the South Indian Ocean, p. 50 ; On the Relationship between the Vegetation 

 of South America, Australasia, South Africa, and the Intervening Islands, p. 52 ; Distribution of Falkland 

 Islands' Flowering Plants, p. 58 ; The Flora of Macquarie Island, p. 62 ; Concluding Remarks, p. 65 ; 

 Bibliography, p. 69 ; Alphabetical List of Islands, &c, with References to the Names of the Authors who 

 have Written thereon, being a Key to the foregoing Bibliography, p. 74. 



