REPORT ON THE AMPHIPODA. 1439 



none of the distinctions given, which can be depended upon, seem to be of specific value. 

 For example, in " Anchylomera Hunterii," Milne-Edwards, the flagellum of the upper 

 antenna? has " only about fifteen joints," but in Anchylomera, as in some other genera of 

 the Hyperina, the flagella of the male antenna? go through many changes of length and 

 thickness, being shorter and thicker in an intermediate stage than they are in their final 

 development. In regard to Anchylomera antipodes, Spence Bate, we read in the 

 description of the female, " fifth pair of pereiopoda consisting of the basos only, which is 

 longer than broad," while in the description of the male it is said that all the perseopods 

 are practically the same as in the female ; but this general observation rather implies that 

 the perseopods of the male had not been specially examined. In Anchylomera purpurea, 

 Dana, 1 which is figured with the antenna? of an adult male, the fifth perseopods are like 

 those here described, except that Dana has probably overlooked the small and obscure 

 second joint ; in Anchylomera thyropoda, on the other hand, of which the antenna? are 

 "very short without a flagellum," Dana says that the fifth pera?opods are "obsolete 

 excepting coxa." The Challenger specimens, alike from the Atlantic and the Pacific, show 

 that in the male the fifth pera?opods have the full number of joints, but that in the 

 female the number is curtailed. The ciliation of the uropods varies in different specimens, 

 being liable, I am inclined to think, to removal by various accidents. So far, then, as all 

 the characters are concerned, which have been hitherto used for specific distinctions within 

 this genus, it may be said that, where they are not beyond doubt merely sexual, they are 

 probably either due to the particular age of the individual specimen or to accident. 



The following list of Stations shows the distribution of the genus Anchylomera as 

 illustrated by the specimens in the Challenger collection : — 



1. North Atlantic, between Tenerife and St. Thomas, West Indies. Five specimens, 

 three male, two female. 



2. Station 348, April 9, 1876 ; Equatorial Atlantic; lat. 3° 10' N., long. 14° 51' W.; 

 surface to 200 fathoms ; surface temperature, 84°. One specimen, male. 



3. Station 347, April 7, 1876 ; Equatorial Atlantic ; lat. 0° 15' S., long. 14° 25' W.; 

 surface; surface temperature, 82°. One specimen, male. The antenna? were complete in 

 this specimen, the flagellum in each pair consisting of thirty-four joints. 



4. June 8, 1874, off Port Jackson; surface, night; surface temperature, 67°. One 

 specimen. 



5. South Pacific, between Sydney and Wellington ; surface. One specimen, 

 male. 



6. June 15, 1874, between Sydney and Wellington; lat. 34° 6' S., long. 155° 12' E.; 

 surface ; surface temperature, 62° - 7. Three specimens. 



1 In the Brit. Mus. Catal. Amph. Crust, pi. Hi., the gnathopods and second perteopod of Anchylomera purpurea 

 have been accidentally numbered as though they belonged to Platyscelus rissoinx. 



