kellerman: phototypes 347 



value. Indeed the importance of such a photograph is sufficient 

 to warrant giving it a special name, phototype. 1 



It would be desirable for the larger herbaria to maintain a col- 

 lection of phototypes in connection with that of the types them- 

 selves. The use of phototypes would enable a small herbarium 

 to have a complete collection of the type material of those groups 

 of which it makes a specialty. 



Phototypes would be valuable for exchange and once widely 

 distributed would cause type collections to become better known 

 and more generally used. 



The student would often find it of great convenience to be able 

 to consult phototypes of the group he is studying when it is 

 impossible for him to visit the various herbaria containing the 

 type specimens themselves; these of course, should never by 

 sent out as loans. 



Where type specimens are kept separately in fireproof cases, 

 preferably mounted in type boxes, 2 phototypes may take the place 

 of these specimens themselves in the regular herbarium. 



The prints should conform as far as possible to the size of the 

 standard herbarium sheet. Bromide enlargements can be made 

 from small negatives or photostat prints (11^ x 15 inches) can be 

 made directly on sensitized paper without the intervention of a 

 negative. 



In connection with clastotypes 3 the phototype becomes impor- 

 tant in indicating the exac*t location of the former on the type 

 specimen. Phototypes of the more important parts of types and 

 of clastotypes taken exactly natural size are very convenient 

 and finer details of structure can be shown with a magnification 

 of a few diameters. 



When the type specimen is taken from a well-known and easily 

 located tree it is often possible to identify the type plant with 



1 The word in this shorter form is used in preference to the cumbrous photo- 

 graphotype. • 



2 Kellerman, Maude. A method of preserving type specimens. This Journal, 

 2 : 222-223, no. 9, May 4, 1912. 



3 Swingle, Walter T. Clastotypes, clonotypes and spermotypes, means of 

 increasing type material. This Journal, 2 : 344-346, no. 14, Aug. 19, 1912. 



