84 



COELENTERATA— ANTHOZOA 



PHYLUM II 



centre. Cardinal septum in deep fossnla ; adjacent septa pinnately developed. 

 Ordovician to Devonian. 



Menophyllum E. and H. (Fig. 100). Turbinate. Cardinal septum in 

 largest of three fossulae. Lower Carboniferous limestone. 



Lophophyllum E. and H. Carboniferous limestone. Anisophylliim E. and 

 H. Ordovician to Devonian. Pycnopliyllum Lindstr. Ordovician and Silurian. 

 Apasmophylluni Roem. Metriophyllum E. and H. Thamnophyllmn Penecke. 

 Devonian. Penfaphyllum de Koninck. Carboniferous. 



Family 4. Cyathophyllidae Milne Edwards and Haime. 



Simple or composite coralla. Septa numerous, radially arranged; the four 

 principal septa rarely distinguished by greater or smaller size. Tabulae and 

 vesicular tissue (dissepiments) abundant. 



Cyathophyllum Goldf. (Figs. 111-13). Extremely variable in form, 

 sometimes simple, turbinate or sub-cylindrical ; sometimes giving rise to 

 bushy, fasciculate or astraeiform colonies, where reproduction takes place by 



Fig. 111. 



Cyathophyllum caespitosum .Goldf. 

 Devonian ; Gerolstein, Eifel. Natural 

 size. 



Fig. 112. 



Cyathophyllum hexagonum, Goldf. Devonian ; Gerol- 

 .stein, Eifel. Natural size. 



calicinal or lateral gemmation. Septa very numerous, strictly radial in 

 arrangement, and often alternately long and short ; the longer septa extend- 

 ing to the centre. Visceral chamber filled with numerous imperfectly 

 developed tabulae ; vesicular dissepiments highly developed in peripheral 

 portion. Nearly 100 species known, ranging from Ordovician to the Lower 

 Carboniferous. Maximum development in Devonian. 



Campophyllum E. and H. (Fig. 114). Like the preceding, but septa not 

 extending to the centre. Devonian and Carboniferous Limestone. 



Heliophyllum Hall. Usually simple and turbinate, more rarely forming 

 dendroid colonies. Septa numerous, extending to the centre, and thickened 

 on their sides by conspicuous vertical ridges ("carinae"). Devonian. 



Diphy2)hyllum Lonsd. (Fig. 115). Ordovician to Carboniferous. Pholido- 

 phyllum Lindstr. Ordovician and Silurian; Eridophyllum E. and H. Silurian 



