V,. 



SUBCLASS II EUCRUSTACEA— EUCARIDA 759 



rarely also the second, fused with the head. Abdomen short, ventrally flexed, the 

 last somite usually distinct. Eyes sessile. Thoracic limbs loithout exopodites, the 

 basal segments usually lamellar, carrying gills. Abdominal 

 appendages divided into two sets, the last three pairs directed 

 backwards, styliform. 



Although various Paleozoic fossils from the Silurian ^^^ ^^.^ 



{Necrogammarus Woodward) and later rocks have been aa,n,narm oeninge.n^u 

 referred to this order, it is only in the Tertiary that Heer Miocpne ; oenin- 



ci PI e " ^ 5?*""' Baden. 2/^. 



undoiibted Amphipods appear, bome oi these, from the 



Miocene, are referred to the Recent genus Gamriiarus Fabricius (Fig. 1473), 



from which Palaeogammarus Zaddach, found in Baltic amber, is doubtfully 



distinct. 



Division C. EUCARIDA Caiman. 



Carapace coalesced dorsally vnth all the thoracic somites. Eyes pedunculate. 

 No oosiegites. 



Order 1. BUPHAUSIACBA Boas.' 



Caridoid forms in which none of the thoracic appendages are specialised as 

 maxillipeds and the gills are in a single series attached to the bases of the thoracic 

 limbs. 



Anthracophausia from the Calciferous Sandstone of Scotland is descrilied 

 by Peach as belonging to this group, but the points of resemblance are very 

 slight. 



Order 2. DBCAPODA Latreille.' 



The caridoid fades may be retained or may be very greatly modified. The first 

 three pairs of thoracic limbs are specialised as maxillipeds and one or more of the 



(t. 0., An account of the Crustacea of Norway, vol. i., Ainijliipoda, Christiana, 1890-95. — Stebhing, 

 T. li. R., Report on the Amphipoda. Scient. Results Challenger Exped., Zool. , 1888, vol. xxix. 

 — Idein, Ganimaridea, in Das Tierreich, 1906, vol. xxi. — Zaddach, <•., Ein Aiiiphipod im Bernstein. 

 Hclniften physik.-cikononi. Ges. Konigsberg, 1864, vol. v. 



^ For literature references see under the head of Mysidacea. 



- Literature: A. On Recent Forms. — Alcock; A., Materials for a careinological fauna of India, 

 nos. 1-6. .Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, 1895-1900, vols. Ixiv., Ixv., Ixvii.-lxix. — Idem, Catalogues 

 of Calcutta Museum, 1899-1910. — Bate, C. S. Report on the Crustacea Macrura. Scient. Results 

 Challenger Exped., Zool., 1888, vol. xxiv. — Boa.s, J.E. V., Studier over Decapoderues Slaegtskabs- 

 forhold. Dansk. Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., 1880, ser. 6, vol. i. — Borradaile, L. A., Classification of 

 Decapod Crustaceans. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1907, ser. 7, vol. xix. — Bouvier, E. L., Sur I'origine 

 homarienne des Crabes. Bull. Soc. Philomath., Paris, 1896, ser. 8, vol. viii. — Faxon, IF., Revision 

 of the Astacidae. Mem. Mns. Comp. Zool., Cambridge, 1885, vol. x. — Idem, Stalk-eyed Crustacea. 

 Albatross Reports, xv. Op. cit., 1895, vol. xviii. — Henderson, .T. R., Report on the Anomura. 

 Scient. Results Challenger Exped., Zool., 1888, vol. xxvii. — Herrick, F. //., The American Lobster. 

 Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., 1895, and Bull. Bureau Fisheries, 1911, vol. xxix.—IIti.dei/, T. II., On the 

 Classification and Distribution of the Crayfishes. Proc. Zool. Soc, London, 1878. — Ortmann, 

 A. E., Die Decapoden-Krebse des Strassburger Museums. Zool. Jahrb. Abth. Syst., 1890-94, 

 vols, v.-vii. — Idem, Das System der Decapoden-KreTise. Oj). cit., 1896, vol. xi. — Miers, E. J., 

 Report on the Brachyura. Sci. Results Challenger Exped., 1886, vol. xvii. 



B. On Fossil Forms. — Bell, T., Monograph of the fossil Malacostracous Crustacea of Great 

 Britain. Paleontogr. Soc, 1857-62. — Bittner, A., Brachyuren des vicentischen Tertiiirgebirges. 

 Denkschr. Akad. Wiss., Wien, 1877-83, vols, xxxiv., xlvi. — Carter, J., On Orithojisis bonneyi. 

 Geol. Mag., 1872, dec. 1, vol. ix.^Idem, Contribution to the imlaeontology of the Decapod Cru.stacea 

 of England. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, 1898, vol. liv. — Cushman, J. A., Fossil Crabs of the Gay 

 Head Miocene. Amer. Nat., 1905, vol. xxxix. — Efcdlvn, A., Description des crustaces fossiles. 



