10 c^lark: recent crinoid fauna 



The geographical divisions of the Indo-Pacific-Atlantic fauna 

 are the following: 



1. Southern Japanese-Hawaiian: Formosa to the Korean 

 Straits, and eastward to Tokyo Bay; the Hawaiian Islands. 



a. Southern Japanese: Formosa to southern Japan, from the 

 Korean Straits to Tokyo Bay. b. Hawaiian: Hawaiian Islands. 



2. Kermadec Island: Kermadec Islands. 



3. East Indian- Australian: Andaman Islands southward and 

 eastward to the Lesser Sunda Islands, the Moluccas, Celebes 

 and the Meangis Islands, and southward (in deeper water than 

 that in which the Australian fauna occurs) to southwestern 

 Australia and Tasmania. 



4. Ceylon-East African: Ceylon westward and southwestward 

 to Madagascar and southeastern Africa. 



5. Atlantic: Northwestern Africa and southwestern Europe, 

 and the Caribbean Sea. 



a. East Atlantic: Northwestern Africa and southwestern 

 Europe, b. Caribbean: Caribbean Sea. 



The derived faunas originating from the Indo-Pacific-Atlantic 

 which include chiefly or entirely littoral and shallow water types 

 are the following: 



1. Malayan: The region westward and northward of the 

 Andaman, Nicobar and Lesser Sunda Islands, and east of the 

 Moluccas and Celebes, as far as the Philippine Islands and Hong 

 Kong. 



2. Littoral Atlantic: Norway to the Gulf of Guinea, including 

 the Mediterranean Sea; Caribbean Sea to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 



a. Afro-European: Norway to the Gulf of Guinea, including 

 the Mediterranean Sea. 



b. American: Caribbean Sea to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 



3. Red Sea: Red Sea, and eastward to the Persian Gulf. 

 The derived faunas originating from, the Indo-Pacific-Atlantic 



which include exclusively primarily deep water types are the 

 following : 



L Arctic: Arctic Ocean and north Atlantic, south to Nova 

 Scotia and the extreme north of Europe; the western shores of 

 the Seas of Okhotsk and Japan. 



