Chap. III. MORAL SENSE. 79 



in concert, must be in some degree faithful to each 

 other; and those that follow a leader must be in 

 some degree obedient. When the baboons in Abys- 

 sinia 16 plunder a garden, they silently follow their 

 leader; and if an imprudent young animal makes a 

 noise, he receives a slap from the others to teach him 

 silence and obedience ; but as soon as they are sure 

 that there is no danger, all show their joy by much 

 clamour. 



With respect to the impulse which leads certain 

 animals to associate together, and to aid each other in 

 many ways, we may infer that in most cases they are 

 impelled by the same sense of satisfaction or pleasure 

 which they experience in performing other instinctive 

 actions; or by the same sense of dissatisfaction, as in 

 other cases of prevented instinctive actions. We see 

 this in innumerable instances, and it is illustrated in 

 a striking manner by the acquired instincts of our 

 domesticated animals ; thus a young shepherd-dog 

 delights in driving and running round a flock of sheep, 

 but not in worrying them ; a young foxhound delights 

 in hunting a fox, whilst some other kinds of dogs 

 as I have witnessed, utterly disregard foxes. What a 

 strong feeling of inward satisfaction must impel a bird, 

 so full of activity, to brood day after day over her eggs. 

 Migratory birds are miserable if prevented from migrat- 

 ing, and perhaps they enjoy starting on their long 

 flight. Some few instincts are determined solely by 

 painful feelings, as by fear, which leads to self-preser- 

 vation, or is specially directed against certain enemies. 

 No one, I presume, can analyse the sensations of 

 pleasure or pain. In many cases, however, it is pro- 

 bable that instincts are persistently followed from the 



18 Brelim, ■ Thierleben,' B. i. s. 76. 



