Chap. II. MENTAL POWERS. 41 



Africa. Orphan- monkeys were always adopted and 

 careful] y guarded by the other monkeys, both males 

 and females. One female baboon had so capacious a 

 heart that she not only adopted young monkeys of 

 other species, but stole young dogs and cats, which she 

 continually carried about. Her kindness, however, did 

 not go so far as to share her food with her adopted 

 offspring, at which Brehm was surprised, as his monkeys 

 always divided everything quite fairly with their own 

 young ones. An adopted kitten scratched the above- 

 mentioned affectionate baboon, who certainly had a 

 fine intellect, for she was much astonished at being 

 scratched, and immediately examined the kitten's feet, 

 and without more ado bit off the claws. In the 

 Zoological Gardens, 1 heard from the keeper that 

 an old baboon (C. chacma) had adopted a Rhesus 

 monkey ; but when a young drill and mandrill were 

 placed in the cage, she seemed to perceive that these 

 monkeys, though distinct species, were her nearer rela- 

 tives, for she at once rejected the Rhesus and adopted 

 both of them. The young Rhesus, as I saw, was greatly 

 discontented at being thus rejected, and it would, like 

 a naughty child, annoy and attack the young drill and 

 mandrill whenever it could do so with safety; this 

 conduct exciting great indignation in the old baboon. 

 Monkeys will also, according to Brehm, defend their 

 master when attacked by any one, as well as dogs to 

 whom thev are attached, from the attacks of other 

 dogs. But we here trench on the subject of sympathy, 

 to which I shall recur. Some of Brehm 's monkeys 

 took much delight in teasing, in various ingenious 

 ways, a certain old dog whom they disliked, as well 

 as other animals. 



Most of the more complex emotions are common to 

 the higher animals and ourselves. Every one has seen 



