158 THE DESCENT OF MAN. Part I. 



CHAPTEK V. 



On the Development of the Intellectual and Moral 

 Faculties during Primeval and Civilised Times. 



The advancement of the intellectual powers through natural selec- 

 tion — Importance of imitation — Social and moral faculties — 

 Their development within the limits of the same tribe — Natural 

 selection as affecting civilised nations — Evidence that civilised 

 nations were once barbarous. 



The subjects to be discussed in this chapter are of 

 the highest interest, but are treated by me in a most 

 imperfect and fragmentary manner. Mr. Wallace, 

 in an admirable paper before referred to, 1 argues that 

 man after he had partially acquired those intellectual 

 and moral faculties which distinguish him from the 

 lower animals, would have been but little liable to 

 have had his bodily structure modified through natural 

 selection or any other means. For man is enabled 

 through his mental faculties "to keep with an un- 

 " changed body in harmony with the changing universe." 

 He has great power of adapting his habits to new 

 conditions of life. He invents weapons, tools and 

 various stratagems, by which he procures food and 

 defends himself. When he migrates into a colder 

 climate he uses clothes, builds sheds, and makes fires ; 

 and, by the aid of fire, cooks food otherwise indigestible. 

 He aids his fellow-men in many ways, and anticipates 

 future events. Even at a remote period he practised 

 some subdivision of labour. 



i < 



Anthropological Review,' May, 18G4, p. clviii. 



