224 BUEIAL OF THE EEMAINS Chap. IV. 



These appearances led, as I was informed, to 

 extensive excavations being undertaken. The 

 foundations of many large buildings and 

 several streets have thus been exposed to view. 

 The space enclosed within the old walls is 

 an irregular oval, about If mile in length. 

 Many of the stones or bricks used in the 

 buildings must have been carried away ; but 

 the hypocausts, baths, and other underground 

 buildings were found tolerably perfect, being 

 filled with stones, broken tiles, rubbish and 

 soil. The old floors of various rooms were 

 covered with rubble. As I was anxious to 

 know how thick the mantle of mould and 

 rubbish was, which had so long concealed 

 these ruins, I applied to Dr. H. Johnson, who 

 had superintended the excavations ; and he, 

 with the greatest kindness, twice visited the 

 place to examine it in reference to my ques- 

 tions, and had many trenches dug in four 

 fields which had hitherto been undisturbed. 

 The results of his observations are given in 

 the following Table. He also sent me speci- 

 mens of the mould, and answered, as far as 

 he could, all my questions. 



