EErOKT ON THE GASTEROPODA. 127 



Turbo chrysostomus, Hanley, Ipsa Linn. Conch., pp. 330 and 531. 



„ „ Fischer in Kiener's Iconog., p. 18, sp. 10, pi. iv. fig. 2. 



,, „ v. Martens, Moll. Maurit., &c, p.' 293. 



„ „ Brazier, " Che vert," Shells, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, vol. ii. p. 23, No. 16. 



July 21, 1864. Eeefs off Tongatabu. 



Station 172. July 22, 1874. Lat. 20° 58' S., loug. 175° 9' W. Inside the reef, 

 Tongatabu. 18 fathoms. Coral mud. 



July 29, 1874. Levuka, Fiji. 12 fathoms. 



September 8, 1874.- Flinders Passage, Torres Straits, N.E. Australia. 7 fathoms. 



Habitat. — The whole Indian Ocean from Natal to the Nicobar Islands (v. Martens), 

 Tongatabu, New Caledonia, Santa Cruz Achipelago, Philippines, Samoa Islands (Fischer.) 



The shells which I have thus identified differ a good deal from one another. Those especially 

 from Fiji are extremely abundant, and might perhaps be identified with Turbo tvinteri, Phil., Turbo 

 tumidulus, Reeve, or some other of the many varieties of this very variable form, being high, narrow, 

 and almost absolutely destitute of spinous processes. Judging by the British Museum specimens, 

 they rather agree with Turbo spinosus, Chem., than with Linne's species. At the same time they 

 exactly correspond to Dr Fischer's description of Turbo chrysostomus, var., " remarquable par son test, 

 plus petit, plus ^troit et plus allonge ; l'interieur de son ouverture est d'un jaune de soufre plutot que 

 dore. Dans cet t'tat," he adds, " le Turbo chrysostomus a tous les caracteres du Turbo spinosus, dont 

 il ne differe guere que par l'interieur de d'ouverture teinte de jaune." It may further be observed, 

 that not only is the longitudinal laminated sculpture identical in the two species, but the very fine 

 spiral sculpture is so too. 



In these circumstances, and disbelieving in the distinctness of the two species, so far as they are 

 known to me, I have preferred the older name, confirmed in the choice further by the fact that the 

 sculpture of the operculum is not granular, nor its colour " d'un blanc bleuatre vers les bords et 

 d'un brun pale vers sa partie centrale," as Fischer describes it in the case of Turbo spinosus, Chem., but 

 is "striee partiellement et obliquement, et nuagee de roux, de blanc, de jaune et de vert," which he 

 gives as characteristic of Turbo chrysostomus, Linne. 



5. Turbo (Lunella) coronatus, Gmelin. (See Appendix, No. 2.) 



6. Turbo (Ninella) staminea (Martyn). 



Helix staminea, Martyn, Univ. Conch., pi. ii. fig. 71, and (ed. Chenu) pL xxv. fig. 1. 

 Turbo torquatus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 13th ed., p. 3597, No. 106. 



Chemnitz, Conch. Cab, vol. v. p. 187, vignette xliii. on p. 145, voL x. p. 295, 

 vignette xxiv. fig. A. B. p. 293. 



„ ,, Lamarck, Anim. s. vert., voL vii. p. 40, and (ed. Desh.) vol. ix p. 187, sp. 3. 



„ „ Dillwyn, Cat, vol. ii. p. 849, No. 81. 



„ „ Wood, Ind. Test. (ed. Hanley), p. 155, pi. xxxi. fig. 82. 



,, lamellosus, Broderip, Zool. Journ., vol. v. p. 331, supp. pL xlix. fig. 2. 



„ torquatus, Quoy and Gaimard, "Astrolabe," voL iii. (Zool), p. 222, pi. lx. figs. 15-18. 



„ staminea, Gray in App. to Dieffenbach's New Zealand, vol. ii. p. 236, No. 67. 



