144 mooney: the Greenland eskimo 



long as broad; the furrow margin is about equal to the edge adjoining 

 the first adambulacral ; the furrow series consists of seven short blunt 

 spines, stouter than those on the adambulacrals, of which the inner- 

 most is broad, flat, and trapezoidal; just behind the two terminal spines 

 in this series are two large tubercles ; the remaining portion of the sur- 

 face of the mouth plates is covered with about 18 spaced polygonal 

 tubercles resembling those on the actinal intermediate plates, but 

 somewhat larger. 



The color in alcohol is white. 



Type.— Cat. No. 10872, U. S. N. M., from "Albatross" Station 

 2395, Gulf of Mexico, in 347 fathoms. 



ANTHROPOLOGY.— The Greenland Eskimo: Pastor Frederik- 

 sen's researches. James Mooney, Bureau of American 

 Ethnology. 



The great Arctic island of Greenland is held by Denmark, 

 having been first colonized by the Norse about the year 1000, 

 and re-occupied from Denmark in 1721, the first colony having 

 become extinct long before, possibly through inroads of the 

 Eskimo. Since the second occupation Lutheran and Moravian 

 missionaries, under the auspices of the home government, have 

 labored with such devotion and success among the aborigines 

 that of approximately 10,000 Eskimo of pure or mixed blood all 

 but a few hundreds along the most remote coasts are civilized, 

 Christianized, self-supporting, and able to read and write in 

 their own language, while living on the best of terms with the 

 handful of colonists. So carefully has the Danish government 

 safeguarded their interests that famine, intemperance, and foul 

 diseases which are so rapidly destroying the race in Alaska and 

 British America are virtually unknown in Greenland, as well as 

 wars and rumors of wars with their white neighbors. Since 1861, 

 with a few breaks, there has been published at Godthaab 

 (Nungme) on the west coast, a small monthly journal, the 

 Atuagagdliutit or "Reading Miscellany," entirely in the Eskimo 

 language, which for press-work, illustrations, and literary con- 

 tent is fairly equal to anything of the same size in this country. 

 Another mission monthly journal, the Avangnamiok, is pub- 

 lished under the supervision of Rev. V. C. Frederiksen, resident 

 missionary at Holstensborg, one of the northernmost outposts of 



