262 COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY CENTENNIAL 



was the vessel chosen, and during the following five years she was 

 engaged in Gulf Stream work each winter season and several summers. 

 As to results, it was found that the velocity of the Gulf Stream varied 

 daily, according to the moon's transit, and monthly, following its 

 declination, and that these variations could be predicted with fair 

 accuracy. A calculation as to its volume, deduced from many hun- 

 dreds of observations in the narrowest part of the Straits of Florida, 

 was 90,000,000,000 tons per hour. 



Dr. George Otis Smith, Director of the United States Geological 

 Survey : The United States Geological Survey and its relation to the United 

 States Coast and Geodetic Survey. The Coast and Geodetic Survey and 

 the Geological Survey have much in common. The field of endeavor for 

 each is nation-wide; they are scientific in spirit and civil in organiza- 

 tion; both are primarily field services; and the product of most of the 

 work of each reaches the public in the form of maps. With full oppor- 

 tunity to overlap their fields of operation, to duplicate work, and thus 

 to waste public money, there has been economical coordination rather 

 than wasteful competition. In these days when, as American citizens, 

 we have such deep concern in the question of public regulation of private 

 business, it may be opportune for some of us as public officials to pause 

 and consider the question of regulation of public business. In making 

 the informal comparison of the actual and ideal in the administration 

 of the scientific bureaus of the Government, the speaker had ever in 

 mind the existence of a real basis for optimism in the splendid record 

 of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Geological Survey in abso- 

 lutely coordinating their endeavors in the public service. 



EVENING OF APRIL 5TH 



Hon. J. Hampton Moore, Member of the United States House of 

 Representatives: The United States Coast and Geodetic Survey's part in 

 the development of commerce. Mr. Moore spoke of the relation of the 

 Coast and Geodetic Survey to Commerce and, after paying high tribute 

 to the perseverance and loyalty of the men of the Service, said that 

 commerce itself did not fully appreciate the importance of the work. 

 He spoke in particular of the needs of extending the surveys along the 

 Atlantic coast. Along the coasts of Florida there are 172,000 square 

 miles of water area which should be charted accurately for the use of 

 ships engaged in commerce and in national defense. He also called 

 attention to the changes made by the waves and currents on the North 

 Carolina, Virginia, and New Jersey coasts. He stated that inlets close 

 and open according to the whims of nature and that it is an interesting 

 historical fact that no living man is now able to locate the inlet through 

 which passed the expedition of Sir Walter Raleigh which made the first 

 English settlement on Roanoke Island in 1584. That the vessels of 

 Amadis and Barlow entered Croatan Sound is well established, but the 

 channel through which they came has long since disappeared. 



