72 BAT.ANID/F:. 



least in the two or three anterior pairs, can be moved to a 

 certain extent, independently of the other ramus of the 

 same cirrus ; and the few terminal segments, either of both 

 rami or of one ramus, are often a little moved and curled 

 (and this is especially the case with the long anterior ramus 

 of the first pair), without the lower segments or the pedicel 

 being moved. 



The flexor and extensor muscles, which, as I believe, 

 move the upper segment of the pedicel {a and £, PI. 29, 

 fig. 1), are attached at their upper ends to its basal margin, 

 and are thus enabled to draw it a little way down within 

 the lower segment, and so move it. The short flexor muscle 

 (c), which is attached at its lower end within the upper 

 segment of the pedicel, and the longer extensor (//), also, 

 attached within this same lower segment, serve, I believe, 

 to move the lower, partially confluent segments of each 

 ramus as a whole. In the case of these muscles, and of 

 those last mentioned, I am surprised that the extensors (Ji) 

 and (d) are not attached nearer to the exterior and dorsal 

 surface. Other muscles {e,f) attached at their lower ends 

 within the upper segment of the pedicel, run up each of 

 the two rami to their tips, with some of the fasciae ter- 

 minating within each segment : of these muscles, the outer 

 one (/,/) appears to be the extensor, and the inner one 

 (e, e) the flexor. But besides these, there are other short 

 flexor muscles {g, g) which run on the anterior face,"* from 

 segment to segment, serving to pull the front edge of one 

 segment within the edge of the next lower segment. These 

 muscles differ much in plainness in the several genera : they 

 are very distinct in Coronula. In some specimens of this 

 genus, a few of the articulations between the basal segments 

 of the rami having been obliterated, the short muscles {$,(/) 

 running from articulation to articulation were absent, and 

 their presence and nature in the upper segments thus ren- 

 dered the plainer. The muscular system in the several 

 pairs of cirri seems to be the same, with the exception of 



* For a considerable time I thought that there were muscles going to the 

 spines, especially to those which arise from the upper dorsal edge of each 

 segment; but 1 have since ascertained that these arc the cases within which 

 new spineo, with their lower ends doubled like the fingers of a glove hastily 

 pulled off, are in process of formation. 



