CHTHAMALUS STELLATUS. 455 



Mange. — The species are found all round the world, from 

 (as far as I have seen) 54° — 55° north, to Cape Horn, in 

 55° — 56° south. All the species, of the habits of which I 

 know anything, are littoral; and in many parts of the world 

 are excessively numerous, quite covering large spaces of the 

 coast-rocks, and often coating the coast-shells. Chthamalus 

 dentatus is littoral, like the other species; but it often lives 

 attached on Balanus tintinnabulum and amphitrite, on 

 the bottoms of ships arriving in British ports from the 

 west coast of Africa. I do not know of any instance of 

 more than two species occurring in the same region. Some 

 of the species have large ranges : C. scabrosus extends from 

 the Falkland Islands and Tierra del Fuego to Peru; and 

 C. stellatus has an enormous extension over almost the 

 whole world, excepting the west coast of South America and 

 Australia. I do not believe any species of the genus, owing 

 probably to their littoral habits, have hitherto been found 

 fossil. 



1. Chthamalus stellatus. PI. 18, fig. \a — 1 h. 



Lepas stellata. Poll. Testacea Utriusque Siciliae (1795), Tab. 5, 



fig. 18—20. 

 — depressa (var.) lb., Tab. 5, fig. 12 — 16. 

 Chthamalus stellatus. Ranzatii. Memoire di Storia Naturale 



(1820), Tab. 3, fig. 21—24. 



— glabee, (var.) Ranzani. lb. 



— stellatus. PJiilippi (!) Enumeratio Mollusc. 



Siciliae. 

 Lepas punctatus. Montagu (!) Testacea Britannica (1803). 



Shell white or gray, generally much corroded and punc- 

 tured ; radii {when present) narrow, with their sutural 

 edges most finely crenaled ; tergum toith the crests for the 

 depressor muscle depending barely beneath the basal margin. 



Var. (a, communis) fig. 1 a, If: Shell conical depressed, upper part 

 corroded, walls folded, sutures moderately plain or obliterated; radii 

 not developed ; orifice broadly oval. 



