DOUBTFUL FOSSIL SPECIES. 493 



p. 77, PI. 44 (in ' Journal Acad. Nat. Sc.,' Phil., vol. vii, p. 134). I cannot 

 recognise this species ; it resembles B. porcatus ; but as the radii are rather 

 narrow, and apparently with slightly oblique summits, it may be B. concavus ; 

 the opercular valves are not figured. 



Balanus sagittata is merely a provisional name without any description, 

 given in a paper on the Crag by S. Woodward, in the 'London and Edin. 

 Philosoph. Magazine, Brewster, Taylor, and Phillips,' vol. vii, July — 

 December, 1835, p. 354. 



Balanus subla?vis, J. cle C. Sowerby, in ' Geolog. Trans.,' 2d series, vol. v, 

 PI. 25, fig. 3. Plate extremely imperfect ; description extremely short and 

 useless ; a species from India not to be recognised. 



Balanus balanoides ; the species thus named by Ranzani, and found by Philippi 

 in Sicily, certainly is not the true Lepas balanoides of Linn., but may heB.amphi- 

 trite of this work. In British collections of Crag specimens I have found the 

 B. dolosus (nov. spec.) thus named : I much doubt whether the truly littoral 

 B. balanoides of Linnaeus has been found fossil. 



B. costatus of Montagu, a synonym of B. sulcatus of Bruguiere, and of 

 B. porcatus of this work ; found fossil and recent. This species was originally 

 described by Linnaeus under the name of Lepas balanus. But the fossil Lepas 

 balanus of Brocchi is a different species ; if it be the same with the recent Lepas 

 balamis of Poli, then it is the B. pet f oral us of the present work. Again, the 

 B. sulcatus of Bronn, in his 'Lethsea Geognostica' (tab. 36, fig. 14), is quite 

 different from the B. sulcatus of Bruguiere (*. e., B. porcatus of the present 

 work), as is at once obvious from the oblique summits of the radii. Lastly, 

 B. tesselalus of Sowerby is a synonym of B. porcatns, sulcatus, costatus, and 

 Lepas balanus. 



B. punctatus of Montagu is a synonym of Chthamalus stellattts, see remarks 

 on that species : the name of B. punctatus is often applied by British authors to 

 varieties of B. balanoides, see remarks on that species. 



B. rugositsoi Morris's 'Catalogue' is a synonym of B. crenatus ; found recent 

 and fossil. 



B. sulcatus of Bruguiere, a synonym of B. porcatus ; found recent and fossil : 

 see remarks under B. costatus. 



B. tintinnabulum of Linn., found recent and fossil ; but no trust whatever 

 ought to be placed in the identifications of this species given in several works; 

 thus the Lepas tintinnabulum of Brocchi is distinct. The B. crassus of Sowerby 

 is the true B. tintinnabulum. The B. fascialus of Dujardin (perhaps only a 

 MS. name) probably is also this species. The B. crispatus is only a variety of 

 B. tintinnabulum. 



B. dentiformis, Defrance : see B. circinnatus. 



B. ornatus, Minister, c Beitrage zur Petrifact.,' B. 3, p. 29, tab. vi (1840). 

 No opercular valves or details of structure of the several species of Balanus 

 named by Minister, are given, and consequently none can be recognised with 

 certainty. 



B. concavus of Bronn, fully described in this work, with the synonyms given; 

 recent and fossil. 



B. crassus of Sowerby, a synonym for B. tintinnabulum. 



B. latiradiatus, Miinster, probably a synonym of B. tintinnabulum, see 

 remarks under B. ornatus. 



B.pectinarius, Bronn ('Italiens Tertiar-Gebilde,' p. 128), does not appear to 

 me fully enough described to be recognised. 



B. pictus of Miinster, possibly a synonym of B. amphitrite : see remarks 

 under B. ornatus and balanoides. 



B. plicarius, Bronn: see remarks under B.pectinarius. 



B. porosus of Hausman (according to Miinster of Blumenbach). I cannot 

 recognise this species in Minister's ' Beitrage.' 



B. pustularis of Lamarck, ' Animaux sans Vertebres.' Scarcely one of the 



