556 LEPADID.E. 



no other member of the Family, namely, in the sack extending 

 down to the extreme lower point of the peduncle ; the male 

 organs, I may add, occupying an analogous position with 

 the peculiar position of the female organs in Alcippe. The 

 lateral lobes of the peduncle in the parasite seem to repre- 

 sent the sides of the broad depressed peduncle in Alcippe ; 

 and in both the peduncle grows at its lower end — a very 

 rare circumstance — observed only in two genera in this 

 Family, namely, in Anelasma, and in a slight degree in 

 Lithotrya. Besides these points of resemblance between 

 Alcippe and its parasite, which are striking, considering their 

 external utter dissemblance, the affinities of both point, 

 judging from certain small characters, in the same direction, 

 namely, towards Ibla and Alepas. Finally, then, I think, 

 we may confidently admit that this parasite or epizoon is the 

 male of the female Alcippe : indeed, considering the facts 

 given in my former volume, on Ibla and Scalpellum, I have, 

 perhaps, here discussed the question at unnecessary length. 

 The males are generally attached, as already stated, to 

 the two hollowed out sides of the upward prolongation of 

 the horny disc ; they adhere by means of little patches of 

 cement, proceeding from the terminal segments of their 

 antennas, to the overlapping edges of the few later-formed 

 zones of the disc ; hence, they lie protected, within the 

 narrow end and a little under the edges of the fissure lead- 

 ing into the cavity in which the female is lodged. In some 

 specimens, however, the males are attached rather lower down 

 on the disc, and are not confined exclusively to its upper 

 margin, so that they live fairly under the roof of shell which 

 covers the main part of the disc: but they are never attached 

 very low down, so as to lie far from the lower end of the 

 orifice leading into the sack of the female. I have two or 

 three times seen as many as three males on each side, but 

 sometimes there is only one on each side, or none on one 

 side. A large distorted specimen actually had twelve males, 

 and two pupa3 on the point of undergoing their final meta- 

 morphosis, all fourteen attached on one side, and all evi- 

 dently must have been alive together! Another specimen 

 had nearly the same number, a few on one side, and the rest 

 on the other side. 



