5S 1 ORDER ABDOMINAL1A. 



The pupae of the male and female are exactly alike in all 

 their general characters, and probably in every point of de- 

 tail ; but my later and more minute observations were 

 made only on pupae, which, from their place of attachment, 

 would certainly have turned into males. As these pupae, 

 without any further metamorphosis, were developed into 

 males, we may, I think, safely infer that such is the case 

 with the females : and, consequently, that the whole course 

 of the metamorphosis has been, in this cirripede, seen 

 and described. During this whole course, no food could 

 possibly have been obtained, for the pupa is destitute of a 

 mouth or organs of prehension, and the stock of cellular 

 matter, enclosed within the ovum, has been sufficient for all 

 the above changes, and for the final metamorphosis. We 

 shall, moreover, immediately see, in the case of the male, 

 that the stock of cellular matter has also sufficed for the 

 development of testes, spermatozoa, and a wonderfully elon- 

 gated probosciformed penis. 



Male. PL 24, fig. 19. 



By throwing pieces of the perforated shell of a Conchole- 

 pas into acid, I examined several scores of specimens of 

 the Cryptophialus, and on all, with the exception of a few 

 young individuals, males were attached. They were attached 

 by cement, proceeding in the usual manner from the pre- 

 hensile antennae, outside, to the edges of the upper half of 

 the disc formed of the thicker not-moulted membrane, by 

 which the female adheres in her chamber : hence the males 

 are included in the upper part of the same cavity with the 

 female, into which they must have crawled as pupae. 1 

 found from one or two up, in one case, to seven males, 

 attached to the same female: four or five bein^ the most 

 usual number. In the early part of January, when all my 

 specimens were taken, many of the males had not shed 

 their pupal integuments, and of those that had, the majority 

 wcri' immature, a few only having spermatozoa: all the 

 females had within their sacks, either ova including almost 



