42 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



Family Lithodid^e. 



Litliodtdx, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., vol. xiv., Crust., part ii. p. 1-130, 1852. 



Genus Litliodes, Latreille. 



Lithodes, Latreille, Gen. Crust, et Insect., t. i. p. 39, 1S06.1 



Milne-Edwards, Hist. Nat. des Crust., t. ii. p. 184, 1837. 

 „ De Haan, Crust. Japon., p. 214, 1850. 



Bell, Brit. Crust., p. 164, 1853. 

 „ Stimpson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Soi. Philad, p. 68, 1858. 



Kostrum long and spinulous. Abdomen with the third, fourth, and fifth segments 

 provided with paired calcified plates, which in the female are enormously developed on 

 the left side, the median portion membranous, with scattered calcareous particles. 



The known species of this genus as restricted by Brandt and Stimpson are as follows : — 



I. Northern species — ■ 



Lithodes maia (Linn.), North Atlantic. 



,, camtschaticus (Tilesius), De Haan, Sea of Okhotsk. 

 „ hrevijyes, M.-Edw. and Lucas, South Pacific (?); Kamtschatka. 

 ,, spinosissimus, Brandt, North Pacific. 

 ,, agassizii. Smith, North Atlantic, deep water. 

 ,, ferox, A. M.-Edw., ofi" the north-west coast of Africa, deep water. 

 IL Southern species — 



Lithodes antarcticus, Jacq. and Lucas, Fuegia. 

 „ miitn-ayi, n. sp., Southern Ocean. 



The Lithode douteuse of IMilne-Edwards, described from a single mutilated specimen, 

 and figured also by Seba, is probably a variety of Lithodes maia. 



Lithodes agassizii, Smith. 



Lithodes agassizii, S. I. Smith, "Blake" Crust., Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. x. p. S, pi. i., 

 1882; Proc. Nat. Mus., vol. vi. p. 25, 1883; "Albatross" Crust, Rep. 

 ^ U.S. Fish Comm. 1882, p. 351, 1884. 



Habitat. — Station 78, ofi" the Azores; depth, 1000 fathoms; bottom, volcanic mud. 



Two very young specimens, the carapace of the larger measuring only 9 mm. in 

 length, are referable to this species. They are characterised by the extraordinary 

 development of the spines on the carapace and rostrum. Lithodes agassizii ap2Jears to 

 be not uncommon iu deep water oS the east coast of the United States ; it is recorded by 

 Smith from depths varying between 400 and 1250 fathoms. 



' According to Agassiz (Nomencl. ZooL), the date of the creation of this genus by Latreille is 1802. 



