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GLOSSARY. 



Annelids. — A class of worms in which the surface of the body 

 exhibits a more or less distinct division into rings or segments, 

 generally provided with appendages for locomotion and with gills. 

 It includes the ordinary marine worms, the earth-worms and the 

 leeches. 



Antenna. — Jointed organs appended to the head in Insects. Crusta- 

 cea and Centipedes, and not belonging to the mouth. 



Anthers. — The summits of the stamens of flowers, in which the 

 pollen or fertilizing dust is produced. 



Aplacentalia, Aplacentata or Aplacental Mammals. See Mam- 

 malia. 



Archetypal. — Of or belonging to the Archetype, or ideal primitive 

 form upon which all the beings of a group seem to be organized. 



Articulata. — A great division of the Animal Kingdom characterized 

 generally by having the surface of the body divided into rings called 

 segments, a greater or less number of which are furnished with 

 jointed legs (such as Insects, Crustaceans and Centipedes). 



Asymmetrical. — Having the two sides unlike. 



Atrophied. — Arrested in development at a very early stage. 



Balanus. — The genus including the common Acorn-shells which live 

 in abundance on the rocks of the seacoast. 



Batrachians. — A class of animals allied to the Reptiles, but under- 

 going a peculiar metamorphosis, in which the young animal is 

 generally aquatic and breathes by gills. (Examples, Frogs, Toads, 

 and Newts.) 



Bowlders. — Large transported blocks of stone generally embedded in 

 clays or gravels. 



Brachiopoda. — A class of marine Mollusca, or soft-bodied animals, 

 furnished with a bivalve shell, attached to submarine objects by a 

 stalk which passes through an aperture in one of the valves, and 

 furnished with fringed arms, by the action of which food is carried 

 to the mouth. 



Branchiae. — Gills or organs for respiration in water. 



Branchial. — Pertaining to gills or branchi<e. 



Cambrian System. — A series of very ancient Palaeozoic rocks, be- 

 tween the Laurentian and the Silurian. Until recently these were 

 regarded as the oldest fossiliferous rocks. 



Canid^e. — The Dog-family, including the Dog, Wolf, Fox, Jackal, 

 etc. 



Carapace. — The shell enveloping the anterior part of the body in 

 Crustaceans generally ; applied also to the hard shelly pieces of the 

 Cirripedes. 



Carboniferous. — This term is applied to the great formation which 

 includes, among other rocks, the coal-measures. It belongs to the 

 oldest, or Palaeozoic, system of formations. 



Caudal. — Of or belonging to the tail. 



Cephalopods. — The highest class of the Mollusca, or soft-bodied 

 animals, characterized by having the mouth surrounded by a greater 

 or less number of fleshy arms or tentacles, which, in most living 

 species are furnished with sucking-cups. {Examples, Cuttle-fish, 

 Nautilus.) 



Cetacea. — An order of Mammalia, including the Whales, Dolphins, 

 etc., having the form of the body fish-like, the skin naked, and 

 only the fore limb* developed 



