GLOSSARY. 477 



Chelonia — An order of Reptiles including the Turtles, Tortoises, 

 etc. 



Cirkipedes. — An order of Crustaceans including tuo Barnacles and 

 Acorn-shells. Their young resemble those of many other Crusta- 

 ceans in form ; but when mature they are always attached to other 

 objects, either directly or by means of a stalk, and their bodies are 

 enclosed by a calcareous shell composed of several pieces, two of 

 which can open to give issue to a bunch ol curled, jointed tentacles, 

 which represent the limbs. 



Coccus. — The genus of Insects including the Cochineal. In these 

 the male is a minute, winged fly, and the female generally a motion- 

 less, berry-like mass. 



Cocoon. — A case usually of silky material, in which insects are fre- 

 quently enveloped during the second or resting-stage (pupa) of their 

 existence. The term "cocoon-stage" is here used as equivalent to 

 "pupa-stage." 



Ccelospermous. — A term applied to those fruits of the Umbelliferae 

 which have the seed hollowed on the inner face. 



Coleoptera. — Beetles, an order of Insects having a biting mouth and 

 the first pair of wings more or less horny, forming sheaths for the 

 second pair, and usually meeting in a straight line down the 

 middle of the back. 



Column. — A peculiar organ in the flowers of Orchids, in which the 

 stamens, style and stigma (or the reproductive parts) are united. 



Composite or Compositous Plants. — Plants in which the inflores- 

 cence consists of numerous small flowers (florets) brought together 

 into a dense head, the base of which is enclosed by a common 

 envelope. (Examples, the Daisy, Dandelions, etc.) 



Conferv^e. — The filamentous weeds of fresh water. 



Conglomerate. — A rock made up of fragments of rock or pebbles, 

 cemented together by some other material. 



Corolla. — The second envelope of a flower usually composed of col- 

 ored, leaf-like organs (petals), which may be united by their edges 

 either in the basal part or throughout. 



Correlation. — The normal coincidence of one phenomenon, charac- 

 ter, etc., with another. 



Corymb. — A bunch of flowers in which those springing from the 

 lower part of the flower-stalks are supported on long stalks so as to 

 be nearly on a level with the upper ones. 



Cotyledons. — The first or seed-leaves of plants. 



Crustaceans. — A class of articulated animals, having the skin f the 

 body generally more or less hardened by the deposition of calcareous 

 matter, breathing by means of gills. (Examples, Crab, Lobster 

 Shrimp, etc.) 



Curculio. — The old generic term for the Beetles known as Weevils, 

 characterized by their four jointed feet, and by the head being pro- 

 duced into a sort of beak, upon the sides of which the antennae are 

 inserted. 



Cutaneous. — Of or belonging to the skin. 



Degradation. — The wearing down of land by the action of the sea 



or of meteoric agencies. 

 Denudation. — The wearing away of the surface of the land by 



water. 

 Devonian System or Formation. — A series of Palaeozoic rocks* 



including the Old Red Sandstone. . 



