REPORT ON THE RADIOLARIA. 1103 



Suborder II. BOTRYODEA, Haeckel, 1881 (PL 96). 



Pohjcyrtida, Haeckel, 1862, Monogr. d. Radiol., p. 341. 

 Polycyrtida, Biitschli, 1882, Zeitschr. f. wiss. ZooL, vol. xxxwi. p. 519. 

 Botryodea [ — Botrida vel Botryida), Haeckel, 1881, Prodromus, p. 439. 



Definition. — Nassellaria with a complete lattice -shell, exhibiting constantly a 

 lobate and multilocular cephalis, with three to five or more separated lobes, and two 

 to three or more constrictions. 



The suborder Botryodea differs from the other Cyrtellaria in the multi- 

 locular and lobate shape of the cephalis, which is composed of at least three or four, often 

 five or six, and sometimes even a greater number of lobes, which are separated by con- 

 strictions and partly also by internal septa. This characteristic shape is found neither 

 in the S p y r o i d e a (with bilocular cephalis) nor in the Cyrtoidea (with simple 

 cephalis). The affinities of the former group to the two latter form a very complicated 

 problem, which is not yet solved ; the morphology of the Botryodea is the most 

 difficult part in the system of Nassellaria, and what we can here give, are incomplete 

 and unsatisfactory beginnings only. 



Up to the year 1860 only a single genus of the Botryodea was known, Litho- 

 hotrys, one of the oldest genera of " Polycystina," and described by Ehrenberg 

 in 1844 (Mouatsber. d. k. preuss. Akad. d. Wiss. Berlin, p. 74). He gave the 

 following definition : — " Loricse silice^ articuli in adulto non in seriem, sed in uvse 

 brevis formam, id est in loculos plus minus discretos nonnuUos contiguos dispositi. 

 Proxime ad Lithocampem accedit." In his first System (1847) Lithohotrys is placed 

 with Liiliocampe among his family Lithochytrina. Afterwards (1860) Ehrenberg added 

 two new genera, under the names Botryocanijje and Botryocyrtis and figured some 

 species of these incompletely in his last works (1872, 1875). 



In my Monograph I founded for these three genera the separate subfamily of Poly- 

 cyrtida, added as a fourth genus Sjoyridohotrys, and gave to the group the following 

 definition (1862, loc. cit., p. 341): — " Lattice-sheU divided by two or more annular 

 strictures, partly longitudinally, partly transversely, into three or more unequal 

 chambers, which are placed in different planes and have a different relation to the poles 

 of the shell-axis." 



The new and remarkable forms of Botryodea, which I subsequently found in 

 the Challenger collection, demonstrated that the Botryodea differ from the other 

 Cyrtellaria (the Cyrtoidea as well as the S p y r o i d e a) in a fiir higher 

 degree than I formerly had supposed. A synopsis of the figures in PI. 96 will give 

 sufficient evidence of this view. Therefore in my Prodromus (1881, ]). 439) 



