918 THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 



The genus Polyplagia alone represents the small subfamily of Polyplagicia, dis- 

 tinguished from the other Plagonida by the multiplication of the radial spines, the 

 number of which amounts to seven to nine or more. This increased number is 

 commonly the result of an intercalation of new spines between the three or four 

 primary spines ; it is sometimes also effected by stronger development of branches 

 of the latter, which become independent. The following five species of this genus are 

 very different, requii-e further investigation, and perhaps represent different genera: — 



1. Polyplagia septenaria, n. sp. 



Seven radial spines, straight, three-sided prismatic, verticillate, of different sizes ; four larger 

 spines correspond to the four axes of a tetrahedron (running from the centre to the four corners), 

 each with five to six verticils of three simple slender branches ; one of these four main spines seems 

 to be the apical, the three others the basal spines of Plagiocarpa ; in the three meridian planes 

 between the latter and the former lie the three smaller spines, diverging upwards, each with two to 

 three verticils. (Similar to Polyplecta heptacantha, PI. 91, fig. 12, but without connection between 

 the branches.) 



Dimensions. — Length of the four major spines 0'26, of the three minor Oil. 



Habitat — Central Pacific, Station 274, surface. 



2. Polyjylagia octonaria, n. sp. 



Eight radial spines, straight, three-sided prismatic, of equal size, arising in two opposite groups 

 from the two poles of a short common middle rod (as in Sphccrozouni arborcsccns, PI. 4, fig. 8, and in 

 other B e 1 o i d e a). The four spines of each group are divergent, six to eight times as long as the 

 middle rod, each spine armed with three to four verticils of thorny branches. 



Dimensions. — Length of the spines i0"15, of the middle rod 0022. 



Habitat. — Indian Ocean, Cocos Islands (Eabbe), surface. 



3. Polyplagia novenaria, n. sp. 



Nine rachal spines of equal size, straight, cylindrical, lying nearly in a horizontal plane, or 

 forming a very flat pyramid. Near the common central point every three spmes arise from a short 

 common rod, so that the centre of the skeleton is triradial. Each spine bears towards the apex two 

 divergent straight lateral branches. This species may have been derived from Flagiacantha arach- 

 noides by shortening and reduction of the basal parts of the three original branched primary spines. 



Dimcnsiotis. — Length of the nine spines 0"24, of the three basal rods 0'02. 



Habitat. — North Atlantic, Eajroe Channel (Gulf Stream), John Murray, surface. 



4. Polyp)lagia duodenaria, n. sp. 



Twelve radial spines of equal size, arising from a common central point, and diverging in 

 different directions. The twelve spines are very large, opposite in six pairs, cylindrical, longitudinally 



