50 proceedings: anthropological society 



historic habitations not previously reported from the Southwest. The 

 first of these was circular in form and was made by leaning logs against 

 cross-pieces supported by four uprights which surrounded a central 

 fire-place. Willows, grass, and clay, in succession, covered the logs. 

 Houses of the second type, occurring usually in groups forming vil- 

 lages, were rectangular in shape and constructed entirely of adobe. 

 A small series of unattached cliff-dwellings, exhibiting certain features 

 common both to structures of this second type and to stone-walled 

 houses south and east of the Rio Colorado, was also described. A 

 careful study of the lesser artifacts recovered from both types of 

 western Utah ruins indicates a close cultural relationship between 

 their respective builders and the inhabitants of prehistoric structures 

 in other sections of the Southwest. 



In a discussion of the paper Dr. J. W. Fewkes called attention to 

 the desirability of a more accurate definition of what archeologists 

 mean by a "pueblo." He pointed out that the term is sometimes used 

 loosely to include all lands of ruined stone buildings in the Southwest. 

 Inasmuch as the pueblo culture area owes its name to characteristic 

 buildings or pueblos, he suggested that the term be limited to terraced, 

 congested community buildings with ceremonial rooms or kivas. If 

 this suggestion were accepted by archeologists, many ruins on the 

 periphery of the so-called Pueblo area would have to be classified as 

 belonging to a prepuebloan phase, or not regarded as pueblos at all. 



The 503rd meeting of the Society was held in the Lecture Hall of 

 the Public Library on Tuesday evening, December 5, 1916, at 8 o'clock. 

 At this meeting Prof. W. H. Holmes, of the U. S. National Museum, 

 delivered an address on Outlines of American aboriginal history, illus- 

 trated with lantern slides. 



Introducing his subject, Professor Holmes said it is agreed that the 

 human race is a unit, and that it follows, therefore, that there was but 

 one cradle and that man spread from this over the world. The early 

 chapters of human history must always remain obscure, although 

 evidence has been found carrying the story far back into the remote 

 past. It was the purpose of the speaker to Indicate briefly the prob- 

 able course taken bj r the human race in spreading from the Asiatic 

 cradle to the New World, and also to indicate the causes and course of 

 cultural development in the various centers of American occupancy 

 and to suggest the causes of decline. 



The earliest known traces of man (or man-like being) have been 

 found on the island of Java. In the nature of things, it was a long- 

 time before he wandered far from his primeval home. He had to 

 acquire the arts of the hunter and fisher before he could reach the 

 far north and it was doubtless by way of Bering Strait that he reached 

 the New World. Portraits were shown of the various peoples whose 

 ancestors may have been concerned in these ancient migrations — 

 natives of Tibet, China, and Siberia, the Eskimo, the Sioux, the Zuni, 

 and other typical American Indians; and attention was directed to the 



