152 THE DESCENT OF MAN. TPakt I. 



CHAPTER V. 



ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTELLECTUAL AND MORAL 

 FACULTIES DURING PRIMEVAL AND CIVILIZED TIMES. 



The Advancement of the Intellectual Powers through Natural Selection.— 

 Importance of Imitation. — Social and Moral Faculties. — Their Develop- 

 ment within the Limits of the same Tribe. — Natural Selection as af- 

 fecting Civilized Nations. — Evidence that Civilized Nations were once 

 barbarous. 



The subjects to be discussed in this chapter are of the 

 highest interest, but are treated by me in a most imperfect 

 and fragmentary manner. Mr. Wallace, in an admirable 

 paper before referred to, 1 argues that man, after he had 

 partially acquired those intellectual and moral faculties 

 which distinguish him from the lower animals, would have 

 been but little liable to have had his bodily structure 

 modified through natural selection or any other means. 

 For man is enabled through his mental faculties " to keep 

 with an unchanged body in harmony with the changing 

 universe." He has great power of adapting his habits to 

 new conditions of life. He invents weapons, tools, and 

 various stratagems, by which he procures food and de- 

 fends himself. When he migrates into a colder climate 

 he uses clothes, builds sheds, and makes fires ; and, by the 

 aid of fire, cooks food otherwise indigestible. He aids his 

 fellow-men in many ways, and anticipates future events. 



1 'Anthropological Review,' May, 1864, p. clviii. 



