REPORT ON THE CRINOIDEA. 297 



Disk 20 mm.; spread reaching 25 cm. 



Locality. — Station 174b, c, or d, August 3, 1874; near Kanclavu, Fiji; lat. 

 (about) 19° 6' S., long, (about) 178° 18' E.; 255, 610, or 210 fathoms; 1 coral mud; 

 bottom temperature at 610 fathoms, 39° F. One mutilated specimen. 



Other Localities.- — Malacca; Jobie ; Zebu; Fiji; Kingsm ill Islands. 



Remarks. — This species is the one for which the genus Phanogenia was established 

 by Loven 2 on account of its stellate centro-dorsal and exposed first radials. The same 

 peculiarity was noted by Dr. Liitken in an Actinometra of the Godeffroy collection from 

 Fiji, to which he gave the MS. name Actinometra stellata; and duplicates of the type 

 have been distributed from the Godeffroy Museum under this name. Having examined 

 some of these duplicates, aud also by the kindness of Professor Loven his original 

 specimens of Phanogenia, I came to the conclusion, as Dr. Liitken had previously done, 

 that the two types are identical. Loven's generic name thus becomes a synonym of 

 Actinometra, while his specific name is that by which the type must be known for the 

 future. It is a sufficiently remarkable species, apart altogether from the peculiarities of 

 its radials and centro-dorsal. For the mouth is at no great distance from the centre of 

 the disk, and the arrangement of the ambulacra in five primary divisions is almost as 

 regular as in the Endocyclic Crinoids. The anal interradius is therefore by no means 

 so large and conspicuous as it usually is in Actinometra (PI. LVII. fig. 3 ; PL LXVIII. 



%• 1)- 



Loven described the two outer radials of this type as articulated bifascially ; 3 but 



I believe them to be really united by a syzygy of much the same character as occurs 

 in Pentacrinas and Rhizocrinus, viz., with the apposed faces almost smooth and devoid 

 of the radial striatum which is so marked in the syzygies of Antedon. The result is 

 that the junction line of the two joints is simple, instead of being more or less inter- 

 rupted as in the syzygies of the later ray-divisions in this type and in most other 

 Comatulse. Loven gave a sketch of the distal face of a second radial in Actinometra 

 typica i which seems to have a median vertical ridge like that which he figures in the 

 corresponding part of Antedon eschrichti. 5 In reality, however, there is not an 

 articular ridge with a fossa on either side of it for the reception of a muscular or liga- 

 mentous bundle, but merely a division between the two sides of the joint-face, which 

 has a slight general convexity ; and there is a corresponding concavity, which is divided 

 into two parts by a median line, on the proximal face of the axillary radial. If the 

 two joints were really articulated each face would have a median ridge and lateral 

 fossae instead of fitting into one another by a slight curvature. The median line 



1 The exact station, and consequently the exact depth, is not recorded. 



2 O/versigt. k. Vetensk. Akad. Forhandl, 1866, No. 9, p. 231. 



3 Ibid., p. 228. * Ibid., p. 230, fig. c. » Ibid., p. 230, fig. k. 



(ZOOL. CHALL. EXF. — PART LX. — 1887.) Ooo 38 



