REPORT ON THE SEALS. 217 



passes beneath the salpingo-pharyngeus, and is inserted into the posterior part of the soft palate 

 between the palato-pharyngei. 



The Tensor palati both in Phoca vitulina and Arctocephalus is a round muscular bundle arising 

 from the tympanic bulla on the outer side of the Eustachian tube, and from the outer side of this 

 tube. It runs along the outer side of the pterygoid plate, and turns round the anterior aspect of 

 the hamular process ; then it spreads out as a fine tendon, fan-like, upon the aponeurosis of the 

 palate anteriorly. It is supplied by the otic ganglion. 



The Palato-glossus both in Phoca vitidina and Arctocephalus arises by a few scanty fibres from 

 the anterior surface of the soft palate, and blends with the stylo-glossus. 



The Palato-pharyngeus both in Phoca vitulina and Arctocephalus arises beneath the levator 

 palati from the posterior surface of the soft palate by one head. It is inserted as in man. 



The Azygos-uvtdm both in Phoca vitidina and in Arctocephalus arises from the aponeurosis of the 

 soft palate, and is distributed as usual. 



The Salpingo-pharyngeus both in Phoca vitidina and Arctocephalus arises from the hamular 

 process of the pterygoid, which is feebly developed in the former, but strongly in the latter. It 

 takes a backward course to blend with the stylo-pharyngeus. 



Prevertebral Muscles. ■ 



The prevertebral Cervical Region contains the rectus capitis anticus major and minor, rectus 

 lateralis, and the longus colli. 



The Pectus capitis anticus major both in Phoca vitidina and in Arctocephalus is a long slip 

 arising by three fasciculi from the ventral division of the transverse processes of the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 

 and 6th cervical vertebra?. Its origins are between the inner slips of origin, and the outer 

 slips of insertion of the longus colli. The anterior parts of the origins from the vertebrae are 

 tendinous. It runs forwards, and is inserted at the inner side of the foramen lacerum posterius, 

 and to the anterior three-quarters of the fossa on the ventral surface of the basi-occipital, anterior 

 to the rectus capitis anticus minor. It is supplied by an anterior branch of the suboccipital 

 nerve, and by the internal branches of the cervical plexus. 



The Rectus capitis anticus minor in Phoca vitulina and in Arctocephalus is a small slip arising 

 from the atlas behind the condyle, and to the inner side of its foramen at the anterior border of the 

 lamina. It is inserted into the posterior three-quarters of the fossa on the ventral surface of the 

 basi occipital. In Arctocephalus it also has an origin from the tip of the transverse processes of 

 the axis, but the fossa is much deeper in Arctocephalus than in Phoca. It is supplied by the sub- 

 occipital nerve, and by the deep internal branches of the cervical plexus. 



The Rectus lateralis in Phoca vitulina arises from the anterior surface of the transverse process 

 of the atlas outside the foramen, and is inserted into the inferior termination of the occipital ridge, 

 into the paramastoid process, and into the outer quarter of the fossa to the inner side of this process. 



In Arctocephalus it arises as in Phoca, but on the inner side of the foramen, and is inserted 

 posterior to the foramen lacerum posterius and the origin of the digastric into the exoccipital bone. 

 It is supplied by the suboccipital nerve. 



The Longus colli in Phoca vitulina is a long muscular roll situated upon the anterior surface 

 of the thoracic and cervical vertebra. It consists of two parts, an anterior and a posterior. The 



(zool. chall. exp — part Lxvin. — 1888.) Yyy 28 



