Sect. XXI. 4. OF DRUNKENNESS. 15*3 



fenfation, in the fame manner as the more violent motions of our 

 organs are fucceeded by painful fenfation. And hence a greater 

 quantity of pleafurable fenfation is introduced into the conftitu- 

 tion -, which is attended in fome people with an increafe of be- 

 nevolence and good humour. 



If the apparent motions of objects is much increafed, as when 

 we revolve on one foot, or are fwung on a rope, the ideas of 

 thefe apparent motions are alfo attended to, and are fucceeded 

 with pleafurable fenfation, till they become familiar to us by fre- 

 quent ufe. Hence children are at nrft delighted with thefe 

 lands of exercife, and with riding, and failing, and hence rock- 

 ing young children inclines them to Deep. For though in the 

 vertigo from intoxication the irritative ideas of the apparent mo- 

 tions of objects are indiftincl: from their decreafe of energy : yet 

 in the vertigo occafioned by rocking or fwinging the irritative 

 ideas of the apparent motions of objects are increafed in energy, 

 and hence they induce pleafure into the fyftem, but are equally 

 indiftinc~t, and in confequence equally unfit to balance ourielves 

 by. This addition of pleafure precludes de lire or averfion, and 

 in confequence the voluntary power is feebly exerted, and on 

 this account rocking young children inclines them to ileep. 



In what manner opium and wine act in relieving pain i3 

 -another article, that well deferves our attention. There are 

 many pains that originate from defecl as- well as from excefs of 

 stimulus ; of thefe are thofe of the fix appetites of hunger, .third, 

 lull, the want of heat, of diftention, and of frefh air. Thus if 

 our cutaneous capillaries ceafe to acl; from the diminifned ftimu- 

 lus of heat, when we are expofed to cold weather, or our ftom- 

 ach is uneafy for want of food > thefe are both pains from defect 

 of ftimulus, and in confequence opium, which humiliates all the 

 moving fyftem into increafed aclion, muft relieve them. But 

 this is not the cafe in thofe pains, which arife from excefs of 

 ilimuius, as in violent inflammations : in thefe the exhibition of 

 opium is frequently injurious by increasing the action of the 

 fyftem already too great, as in inflammation of the bowels mor- 

 tification is often produced by the ilimuius fcf opium. Where, 

 however, no fuch bad confequenees follow ;. the ftimulus of opi- 

 um, by increafing all the motions of the fyftem, expends fo much 

 of the fenforial power, that the actions of the whole fyftem foon 

 become feebler, and in confequence thofe which produced the. 

 pain and inflammation. 



4. When intoxication proceeds a, little further, the quantity 

 of pleafurable fenfation is fo far increafed, that all defire ceafesj 

 tor there is no pain in the fyftem to excite it. Hence the vol- 

 untary exertions are diminifned, daggering a 1 I hammering fuo 



Vol. I. Bb Cded : 



