Sect. XXVII. 2. 1. OF HAEMORRHAGES. 231 



breath of thofe, who go fuddenly into cold water, is not owing 

 to the accumulation of blood in the lungs, but to the quiefcence of 

 the pulmonary capillaries from aflbciation, as r explained in Sec- 

 tion XXXII. 3. 2. 



II. The other kind of haemorrhage is known from its being at- 

 tended with a weak pulfe, and other fymptoms of general debil- 

 ity, and very frequently occurs in thofe, who have difeafed levers, 

 owing to intemperance in the ufe of fermented liquors. The 

 conftitutions are fhewn to be liable to paralyfis of the lymphatic 

 abforbents, producing the various kinds of dropfies in Section 

 XXIX. 5. Now if any branch of the venous iyftem lofes its 

 power of abforption, the part fwelis, and at length b'urfts and 

 discharges the blood, which the capillaries or other glands circu- 

 late through them. 



It fometimes happens that the large external veins of the legs 

 burft, and effufe their blood ; but this occurs moil frequently in 

 the veins of the interlines, as the vena portarum is liable to fuf- 

 fer from a fchirrus of the liver oppofmg the progrefiion of the 

 blood, which is abforbed from the interlines. Hence the" piles 

 are a fymptom of hepatic obilruc~tion, and hence the copious dis- 

 charges downwards or upwards of a black material, which has 

 been called melancholia, or black bile ; but is no other than the 

 blood, which is probably difcharged from the veins of the intef- 

 tines. 



J. F. Meckel, in his Experiments deFinibusVaforum^publifhec! 

 at Berlin, 1772, mentions his difcovery of a communication of 

 a lymphatic vefTel with the gaftric branch of the vena portarum. 

 It is poflible, that when the motion of the lymphatic becomes 

 retrograde in fome difeafes, blood may obtain a paflage into it* 

 where it anaftomofes with the vein, and thus be poured into the 

 interlines. A difcharge of blood with the urine fometimes at- 

 tends diabetes, and may have its fource in the fame manners 



Mr. A , who had been a hard drinker, and had the 



gutta rofacea on his face and bread, after a ftroke of the palfy . 

 voided near a quart of a black vifcid material by ftool : on diluting 

 it with water it did not become yellow, as it muft have done 

 it had been infpiffated bile^ but continued black like the grounds 

 of coffee. 



But any other part of the venous fyftem may become quiefcent 

 or totally paralytic as well as the veins of the interlines : all which 

 occur more frequently in thofe who have difeafed livers, than in 

 any others. Hence troublefome bleedings of the nofe, or from the 

 lungs with a weak pulfe ; hence haemorrhages from the kidneys, 

 too great menftruation ; and hence the oozing of blood from 

 every part of the body, and the petechia in thofe fevers, which 



are 



