REPORT ON THE CRUSTACEA MACRURA. 507 



from the egg I was enabled to arrive at an approximate knowledge of the form of the 

 animal when it first leaves the ovum. The brephalos is in the Megalopa stage (PI. XCII. 

 tig. 4), and closely resembles that of the common lobster (Tlomarus vulgaris). 



My examinations took the form of a series of dissections of several ova, but not the 

 observation of one perfect specimen. 



Geographical Distribution. — There are several species of this genus, and those in the 

 Challenger collection are from twelve different localities. The earliest specimen was 

 taken on the 9th of September 1873, off the most easterly point of South America, and 

 A. Milne-Edwards and Mr. Sidney Smith have since recorded specimens from the West 

 Indies and the North Atlantic. Specimens have been taken as far south as the Island of 

 Tristan da Cunha in the South Atlantic and near Kerguelen Island in the Indian Ocean. 

 Among the Islands of the Eastern Archipelago specimens have been taken in the shallow 

 water of the Sea of Banda, and in the greater depths north of New Guinea. They have 

 also been taken as far north as Japan and as far west as the Fiji and Kermadec Islands ; 

 in the Pacific others have been taken some few miles south-west of Juan Fernandez, 

 where they were found associated with species of Eiyonidae. Some were taken along with 

 Polycheles off the north of New Guinea, and others off the Fiji Islands, also associated 

 with Polycheles, in depths varying from 200 to 1715 fathoms. 



The various forms of this genus can scarcely be considered as being more than 

 varieties of one great type ; the specific differences being little else than a greater or less 

 exaggeration of features common to them all. 



Glyphocrangon granulosis, n. sp. (PL XCII. ; PI. XCIII. fig. 1). 



Eostrum sharp pointed, subequal in length with the peduncle of the first pair of 

 antennae, armed with a sharp and strong tooth on each side near the middle, and another 

 at the base, which in the female is supplemented by another smaller one posterior to it. 

 Still more posteriorly, upon the dorsal surface of the carapace and standing on the same 

 ridge which is formed by the continuation of the lateral margin of the rostrum, is a 

 broad, flat, and pointed tooth directed upwards and forwards. The fronto-lateral margin 

 is armed with two large teeth, of which the one external to the ophthalmopod corre- 

 sponds with the external orbital angle, and the other forms the infero-anterior angle 

 of the carapace ; behind the latter stands a smaller but still large, flat tooth which forms 

 the anterior extremity of a ridge. There are five such ridges longitudinally traversing 

 the carapace on each side of the median line, most of them being armed with a series of 

 points or teeth, while the intermediate spaces are covered with strong granulations dis- 

 posed generally in a longitudinal direction. The posterior margin of the carapace is 

 depressed, smooth, and laterally projecting posteriorly, and is overridden by the anterior 

 margin of the coxal plate of the first somite of the pleon. 



